Polyclonal Activation of Human B Lymphocytes by Nocardia Water Soluble Mitogen (NWSM)

Bona, Constantin A.; Broder, Samuel; Dimitriu, A; Waldmann, Thomas A.

doi:10.1111/j.1600-065x.1979.tb00273.x

Cited by 44 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Polyclonal B lymphocyte activation can be induced by many agents in a T-dependent or -independent manner [28], and is emerging as an increasingly important mechanism in the induction of experimental and human autoimmunity. In human and murine lupus erythematosus, spontaneous polyclonal R cell activation is a major feature [29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyclonal effect of HgCl₂ in the rat, its possible role in an experimental autoimmune disease

Couderc²,

et al. 1982

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Mercuric chloride induces an autoimmune glomerulonephritis in Brown-Norway (BN) but not in Lewis (LEW) rats. Injection of HGCl2 into BN rats regularly produced a transient appearance of plaque-forming cells (PFC) of anti-2,4,6-trinitrophenyl and anti-sheep red blood cell specificity and circulating anti-single-stranded DNA antibodies. Addition of HgCl2 to spleen cell cultures from BN rats induced an increase in anti-trinitrophenyl PFC and reverse PFC. This effect was no longer observed when nylon wool column-depleted or anti-Thy-1 antiserum-treated spleen cells were cultured in the presence of HgCl1. These data suggest that HgCl2 acts as a polyclonal activator on spleen cells in BN rats, but not on isolated B lymphocytes. In contrast, no effect of HgCl2 on immunoglobulin production was observed in LEW rats. Since polyclonal activation and immune-type nephritis are both seen in BN but not in LEW rats, polyclonal activation may participate in the pathogenesis of the HgCl2-induced autoimmune disease of BN rats.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyclonal effect of HgCl₂ in the rat, its possible role in an experimental autoimmune disease

Couderc²,

et al. 1982

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“…It is possible that most B cell mitogens act also as polyclonal B cell activators which differentiate B cells to Ig-secreting cells. In fact, PWM, Nocardia water soluble mitogen and EB virus are able to activate the differentiation of B cells into Ig-secreting cells in vitro (3,4,7,11,18). SpA Col is expected to work as a polyclonal B cell activator as well.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Up to now, Nocardia water soluble mitogen (4,18). EB virus (3) and SpA Col are known to be candidates for B cell stimulants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Few substances which can selectively activate human B cells are known except for killed Staphylococcus aureus bacteria (SpA Col) (9,15,28), Nocardia water soluble mitogen (4,18), and Epstein-Barr (EB)-virus (3). SpA Col is a potent B cell mitogen which stimulates B cells directly through different pathways from those of pokeweed mitogen (PWM), since SpA Col does not require the presence of T cells whereas PWM-induced activation is absolutely T cell dependent.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Stimulation of Immunoglobulin Production from Human B Lymphocytes by Staphylococcus aureus: Effects of Monocytes and Con A‐Induced Suppressor Cells

Kimura

Harada

Ogata

et al. 1981

Microbiology and Immunology

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Significant immunoglobulin (Ig) production by human peripheral blood lymphocytes was induced in vitro by stimulating the cells with pokeweed mitogen (PWM) and Staphylococcus aureus Cowan I (SpA Col). IgG, IgM, and IgA were determined by a combination of the latex fixation test and radioimmunoassay. High levels (1,000 to 5,000 pg/ml) of IgG and IgM and a lesser amount of IgA were constantly produced during 7 to 8 days of incubation with both stimulants. Ig production induced by SpA Col stimulation was independent of the presence of T cells, while Ig production induced by PWM required T cells exclusively. Depletion of monocytes in the culture caused but a slight decrease in Ig production (particularly in the case of IgG). While the addition of a small number of monocytes enhanced IgG induction by both stimulants, coculture with an excess number of monocytes inhibited Ig induction (particularly IgG) by PWM stimulation but not by SpA Col stimulation. Marked suppression of Ig production (IgG, IgM, and IgA) was observed in cocultures with Con A-activated T cells. The phenomena of suppression were observed in both the SpA Col-stimulated and PWM-stimulated lymphocytes. These data indicate that Ig production from B cells stimulated with a polyclonal B cell activator, SpA Col, was independent of T cells and relatively of independent of monocytes, but could be subjected to the regulation of the Con A-induced suppressor T cells.Polyclonal B cell activators have been invaluable tools in immunobiology, since the use of these stimulants has provided useful information about various aspects of B cell differentiation and its function. Few substances which can selectively activate human B cells are known except for killed Staphylococcus aureus bacteria (SpA Col) (9,15,28), Nocardia water soluble mitogen (4, 18), and Epstein-Barr (EB)-virus (3). SpA Col is a potent B cell mitogen which stimulates B cells directly through different pathways from those of pokeweed mitogen (PWM), since SpA Col does not require the presence of T cells whereas PWM-induced activation is absolutely T cell dependent.Only limited evidence for polyclonal activation with SpA Col has been found, 1345

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“…Donors were tested for the presence of anti-Candida antibody in serum by electrosyneresis and/or by hemagglutination (19), and only seropositive donors were considered as sensitized. Some adult donors were immunised by pneumococcal Sll antigen, subcutaneously at a dose of 50 gg in 1 ml of saline, [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] (Sigma Chemical Co.) at a final concentration of 1 mg/ml in carbonate buffer was added to each well. Plates were incubated for 1 h at 370C.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Specific in vitro antimannan-rich antigen of Candida albicans antibody production by sensitized human blood lymphocytes.

Durandy¹,

Fischer²,

Griscelli³

1983

J. Clin. Invest.

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A B S T R A C T We have developed a new antigenic system for the induction of specific in vitro antibody response in man. The antigen used was purified from the cell wall of Candida albicans strain A and contained >96% polysaccharide mannan. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from Candida-sensitized donors produced specific antimannan antibodies during a 7-d culture in the presence of mannan absorbed with methylated bovine serum albumin. Two methods were used to detect antimannan antibody responses. Antimannan antibody-producing cells were identified by radioautography with tritiated mannan. Antibody concentration in culture supernatants was measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In both methods, specific IgM and IgG (but not IgA) antibodies were detected. The antibody production to mannan was specific, since an antigenically unrelated polysaccharide (pneumococcal antigen S III) did not bind to methylated bovine serum albumin-mannan-induced blast cells and did not induce antimannan antibodycontaining cells. Furthermore, a pulse with an excess of unlabeled mannan abolished [3H]mannan binding, whereas an excess of unlabeled S III did not. Similarly, no antimannan antibody was obtained in influenza virus-stimulated cultures and mannan-stimulated cultures were not inducing antiinfluenza antibodies. The antimannan antibody production was shown to be a T cell-dependent phenomenon. The T helper effect appeared to be radiosensitive. It was under a genetic restriction as it occurred only in autologous or semiidentical but not in allogeneic situations. This system is relatively simple, reproducible, and well suited for

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Polyclonal Activation of Human B Lymphocytes by Nocardia Water Soluble Mitogen (NWSM)

Cited by 44 publications

References 60 publications

Polyclonal effect of HgCl₂ in the rat, its possible role in an experimental autoimmune disease

Polyclonal effect of HgCl₂ in the rat, its possible role in an experimental autoimmune disease

Stimulation of Immunoglobulin Production from Human B Lymphocytes by Staphylococcus aureus: Effects of Monocytes and Con A‐Induced Suppressor Cells

Specific in vitro antimannan-rich antigen of Candida albicans antibody production by sensitized human blood lymphocytes.

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Polyclonal Activation of Human B Lymphocytes by Nocardia Water Soluble Mitogen (NWSM)

Cited by 44 publications

References 60 publications

Polyclonal effect of HgCl2 in the rat, its possible role in an experimental autoimmune disease

Polyclonal effect of HgCl2 in the rat, its possible role in an experimental autoimmune disease

Stimulation of Immunoglobulin Production from Human B Lymphocytes by Staphylococcus aureus: Effects of Monocytes and Con A‐Induced Suppressor Cells

Specific in vitro antimannan-rich antigen of Candida albicans antibody production by sensitized human blood lymphocytes.

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Product

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Polyclonal effect of HgCl₂ in the rat, its possible role in an experimental autoimmune disease

Polyclonal effect of HgCl₂ in the rat, its possible role in an experimental autoimmune disease