2015
DOI: 10.2495/wrm150341
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Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans in sewage sludge: congener patterns, toxic equivalency and comparison with effluent concentrations and toxic equivalency

Abstract: Domestic and industrial wastewater treatment plants, and petrochemical industries within the Houston Ship Channel (HSC) located in Houston, Texas, USA, were sampled for sewage sludge and analysed for polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs). The United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) method 1613B which employs high resolution gas chromatography/high resolution mass spectrometry (HRGC/HRMS) was used to quantify the PCDD/Fs in the sludge samples. The measured t… Show more

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“…The workers in WWTP are dealing with machines, mechanical equipment and large numbers of chemical materials in order to treat the sewage water expose them to different hazards on their occupational health (Balasubramani and Rifai, 2015). As stated in (Al Batanony and EL Shafie, 2011) study, a huge amount of chemical and organisms make the deal with sewage waste dangerous since they transfer to the workers in different ways:…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The workers in WWTP are dealing with machines, mechanical equipment and large numbers of chemical materials in order to treat the sewage water expose them to different hazards on their occupational health (Balasubramani and Rifai, 2015). As stated in (Al Batanony and EL Shafie, 2011) study, a huge amount of chemical and organisms make the deal with sewage waste dangerous since they transfer to the workers in different ways:…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%