Polychlorinated biphenyls in the fish and sediment of the Lower Fox River, Wisconsin

Sullivan, John; Delfino, Joseph J.; Buelow, Carol; Sheffy, Thomas B.

doi:10.1007/bf01610099

Cited by 32 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Annelids and chironomids collected in the Fox River/Green Bay area had total PCB levels of 0.377 and 0.351 g/g wet mass, respectively [29]. Sullivan et al [30] reported total PCB concentrations in carp (fillets) captured in Little Lake Butte des Morts to be approximately 5 g/g wet mass.…”

Section: Bioconcentration In Tissuementioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Polychlorinated Biphenyl 126 on Green Frog(rana Clamitans) and Leopard Frog (Rana Pipiens)hatching Success, Development, and Metamorphosis

Rosenshield¹,

Jofré²,

Karasov³

1999

Environ Toxicol Chem

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Although increasing evidence links planar chlorinated hydrocarbons, such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), to decreases in survival and reproduction of fish, mammals, and birds near Green Bay, Wisconsin, and the Great Lakes, USA, relatively little is known of their bioaccumulation or of their possible effects in amphibians. We exposed embryos and larvae of two ranid species commonly occurring in the Green Bay ecosystem, the green frog (Rana clamitans) and the leopard frog (Rana pipiens), to PCB 126, a model coplanar PCB compound. Nominal concentrations ranged from 0.005 to 50 g/L, and exposure lasted through metamorphosis. Tissue concentrations of PCB 126 in tadpoles that did not metamorphose by the end of the experiment ranged from 1.2 to 9,600 ng/g wet mass. No significant mortality of embryos occurred before hatching; however, survival of larvae was significantly reduced at the highest concentration for both species. Few deformities were observed, but the incidence of edema was significantly higher in tadpoles exposed to 50 g/L. Swimming speed and growth of tadpoles was also significantly reduced in this treatment. The percent of tadpoles that reached metamorphosis was significantly lower in green frogs at the highest concentration, and no leopard frogs survived past day 47 of the experiment in this treatment. At high concentrations, PCB 126 affected both ranid species; however, sublethal effects were not apparent for the parameters we measured at concentrations that occur in water in the Green Bay ecosystem.

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Section: Bioconcentration In Tissuementioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Polychlorinated Biphenyl 126 on Green Frog(rana Clamitans) and Leopard Frog (Rana Pipiens)hatching Success, Development, and Metamorphosis

Rosenshield¹,

Jofré²,

Karasov³

1999

Environ Toxicol Chem

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“…Like other chlorinated hydrocarbons, PCB's are only sparingly soluble in water; therefore, they tend to become associated with suspended and bottom sediments (Dawson and Riley 1977, Glooschenko et al 1976, Sullivan et al 1983. They also tend readily to partition into and become concentrated in the tissue of living organisms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Occurrence of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCB's) in Adult Mayflies (Hexagenia bilineata) of the Upper Mississippi River

Clernents

Kawatski

1984

Journal of Freshwater Ecology

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“…The contamination reportedly originated from the deinking and repulping of recycled carbonless copy paper [1]. Elevated PCB concentrations were documented in Green Bay sediment [2], fish [1], and birds [3][4][5][6]. Conservative estimates suggest that over 300 000 kg of PCBs were released into the Fox River prior to the early 1970s.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contaminant exposure of birds nesting in Green Bay, Wisconsin, USA

Custer

Dummer

Custer

et al. 2014

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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In earlier studies, elevated concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) and p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) were reported in double-crested cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus) eggs and tree swallow (Tachycineta bicolor) eggs and nestlings collected from lower Green Bay (WI, USA) in 1994 and 1995 and black-crowned night-heron (Nycticorax nycticorax) eggs collected in 1991. Comparable samples collected in 2010 and 2011 indicated that concentrations of PCBs were 35%, 62%, 70%, and 88% lower than in the early 1990s in tree swallow eggs, tree swallow nestlings, double-crested cormorant eggs, and black-crowned night-heron eggs, respectively; concentrations of DDE were 47%, 43%, 51%, and 80% lower, respectively. These declines are consistent with regional contaminant trends in other species. Concentrations of PCBs were higher in herring gull (Larus argentatus) than in black-crowned night-heron eggs collected from Green Bay in 2010; PCB concentrations in double-crested cormorant and tree swallow eggs were intermediate. The estimated toxicity of the PCB mixture in eggs of the insectivorous tree swallow was the equal to or greater than toxicity in the 3 piscivorous bird species. A multivariate analysis indicated that the composition percentage of lower-numbered PCB congeners was greater in eggs of the insectivorous tree swallow than in eggs of the 3 piscivorous species nesting in Green Bay. Dioxin and furan concentrations and the toxicity of these chemicals were also higher in tree swallows than these other waterbird species nesting in Green Bay.

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Polychlorinated biphenyls in the fish and sediment of the Lower Fox River, Wisconsin

Cited by 32 publications

References 6 publications

Effects of Polychlorinated Biphenyl 126 on Green Frog(rana Clamitans) and Leopard Frog (Rana Pipiens)hatching Success, Development, and Metamorphosis

Effects of Polychlorinated Biphenyl 126 on Green Frog(rana Clamitans) and Leopard Frog (Rana Pipiens)hatching Success, Development, and Metamorphosis

Occurrence of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCB's) in Adult Mayflies (Hexagenia bilineata) of the Upper Mississippi River

Contaminant exposure of birds nesting in Green Bay, Wisconsin, USA

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