Polycarnitine?a new biomaterial

Kamm, Birgit; Kamm, M.; Kiener, Andreas; Meyer, Hans‐Peter

doi:10.1007/s00253-004-1801-5

Cited by 60 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…cellulose hydrolysis ͉ cellulase ͉ cellulosome ͉ anaerobic ͉ thermophilic ͉ ABC transport B iologically mediated cellulose hydrolysis is a major flow of carbon in the biosphere (1,2), important in several agricultural processes (3), and could be widely used to produce sustainable fuels and chemicals (3)(4)(5)(6)(7). Extensive evidence obtained with noncomplexed cellulase systems produced by aerobic microorganisms supports a mechanism involving synergistic action by endoglucanases and cellobiohydrolases with cellobiose the main product of cellulose solubilization (8)(9)(10).…”

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confidence: 99%

Cellulose utilization by Clostridium thermocellum : Bioenergetics and hydrolysis product assimilation

Zhang

Lynd

2005

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

219

173

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The bioenergetics of cellulose utilization by Clostridium thermocellum was investigated. Cell yield and maintenance parameters, \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document} \begin{equation*}Y_{X/{\mathrm{ATP}}}^{{\mathrm{True}}}=16.44\end{equation*}\end{document} g cell/mol ATP and m = 3.27 mmol ATP/g cell per hour, were obtained from cellobiose-grown chemostats, and it was shown that one ATP is required per glucan transported. Experimentally determined values for \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document} \begin{equation*}G_{{\mathrm{ATP}}}^{P-T}\end{equation*}\end{document} (ATP from phosphorolytic β-glucan cleavage minus ATP for substrate transport, mol ATP/mol hexose) from chemostats fed β-glucans with degree of polymerization (DP) 2-6 agreed well with the predicted value of (n-1)/n (n = mean cellodextrin DP assimilated). A mean \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document} \begin{equation*}G_{{\mathrm{ATP}}}^{P-T}\end{equation*}\end{document} value of 0.52 ± 0.06 was calculated for cellulose-grown chemostat cultures, corresponding to n = 4.20 ± 0.46. Determination of intracellular β-glucan radioactivity resulting from 14C-labeled substrates showed that uptake is different for cellulose and cellobiose (G2). For 14C-cellobiose, radioactivity was greatest for G2; substantially smaller but measurable for G1, G3, and G4; undetectable for G5 and G6; and n was ≈2. For 14C-cellulose, radioactivity was greatest for G5; lower but substantial for G6, G2, and G1; very low for G3 and G4; and n was ≈4. These results indicate that: (i) C. thermocellum hydrolyzes cellulose by a different mode of action from the classical mechanism involving solubilization by cellobiohydrolase; (ii) bioenergetic benefits specific to growth on cellulose are realized, resulting from the efficiency of oligosaccharide uptake combined with intracellular phosphorolytic cleavage of β-glucosidic bonds; and (iii) these benefits exceed the bioenergetic cost of cellulase synthesis, supporting the feasibility of anaerobic biotechnological processing of cellulosic biomass without added saccharolytic enzymes

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confidence: 99%

Cellulose utilization by Clostridium thermocellum : Bioenergetics and hydrolysis product assimilation

Zhang

Lynd

2005

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

219

173

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“…In recent years, interest in utilization of lignocellulosic plant biomass, e.g., agricultural by-products and short rotation energy crops in the production of biofuels and value-added chemicals has been increasing with advances in biotechnology, providing a basis for the biorefinery industry. 1) Lignocellulosic biomass is composed mainly of cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin. It has a complex molecular structure and is related to various microbial processes in its biochemical cycle.…”

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confidence: 99%

Culture-Independent Phylogenetic Analysis of the Microbial Community in Industrial Sugarcane Bagasse Feedstock Piles

Rattanachomsri

Kanokratana

Eurwilaichitr

et al. 2011

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry

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“…1,2) One of the renewable resources from biomass, glycerol (1,2,3-propanetriol), is thought to be a promising and abundant carbon source for industrial microbiology. 3) Glycerol can be obtained up to 14% weight as a byproduct of biodiesel fuel (BDF) production through transesterification of vegetable oils and animal fats.…”

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confidence: 99%