Polycarbonates

Samperi, Filippo; Montaudo, Maurizio S.; Montaudo, Giorgio

doi:10.1002/9781118104729.ch12

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…DSC heating and cooling rates were 20 C/min. 1 H-NMR spectra were recorded with a Varian XL-400 spectrometer (chemical shifts are downfield from TMS), using CDCl 3 as solvent.…”

Section: Instrumentalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The experiments conducted using different sweep gas flow rates and different particle sizes showed that, for the acetone-crystallized prepolymers, the reaction rate was limited by the by-product diffusion inside the polymer particles and from the surface of the particles into the sweep gas. 1 H-nuclear magnetic resonance analysis proved that polymers prepared through a solid state process had a consistently lower content of Fries rearrangement by-products with respect to commercial samples obtained by standard melt polycondensation methods. POLYM.…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Bisphenol A polycarbonate (PC) is one of the most widely used engineering thermoplastic polymers, due to its unique combination of excellent resistance to heat and impact and optical transparency [1][2][3][4][5][6]. For these reasons, PC is widely used in electrical and electronic devices, in optical recording media, in buildings, and in the fabrication of protective equipments [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The transesterification reaction produces phenol as by-product, which is removed under reduced pressure. This synthetic route is to be preferred in terms of environmental care since it is solventfree and avoids the direct use of phosgene [1,2]. However, the high viscosity of the molten PC reduces the diffusion rate of phenol, thus limiting the molecular weight of product polymers [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Solid state polymerization of bisphenol A polycarbonate: Effect of the crystallization method and polymerization conditions

Colonna

Fiorini

2014

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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A study on the effect of the crystallization method on the solid state polymerization (SSP) process of bisphenol A polycarbonate has been performed. Prepolymer samples were crystallized via four different techniques (solvent induced, shear induced, organic salt induced, and thermal crystallization) and SSP progress was checked by measuring the molecular weight increase. The fastest polymerization rate was obtained with prepolymers crystallized with acetone. The reaction rates were correlated with the crystallinity and plasticization of solvents, which both affected the chain mobility. The experiments conducted using different sweep gas flow rates and different particle sizes showed that, for the acetone‐crystallized prepolymers, the reaction rate was limited by the by‐product diffusion inside the polymer particles and from the surface of the particles into the sweep gas. 1H‐nuclear magnetic resonance analysis proved that polymers prepared through a solid state process had a consistently lower content of Fries rearrangement by‐products with respect to commercial samples obtained by standard melt polycondensation methods. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 55:1024–1029, 2015. © 2014 Society of Plastics Engineers

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“…DSC heating and cooling rates were 20 C/min. 1 H-NMR spectra were recorded with a Varian XL-400 spectrometer (chemical shifts are downfield from TMS), using CDCl 3 as solvent.…”

Section: Instrumentalmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Solid state polymerization of bisphenol A polycarbonate: Effect of the crystallization method and polymerization conditions

Colonna

Fiorini

2014

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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“…Aromatic polycarbonates (PCs), and in particular bisphenol A (BPA) PC, constitute a widely used and versatile class of engineering thermoplastics; for them a continuous dynamic growth is expected in the next few years . The main reasons for this outstanding performance depend not only on their unique combination of useful properties and excellent price/performance balance, but also on the intrinsic capability of the PC structure to be easily and widely modified .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical modification of bisphenol a polycarbonate by reactive blending with ethylene carbonate

Colonna¹,

Berti²,

Fiorini³

2013

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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A new method for the insertion of aliphatic moieties into bisphenol A (BPA) polycarbonate (PC) by reactive blending with ethylene carbonate (ETC) has been developed. By this route, new polymeric materials with modified thermal and rheological properties have been synthesized; the structure of the poly(ether‐co‐carbonate)s prepared can be controlled using different ETC/PC molar ratios. Using model compounds and selective degradation reactions, the different chemical structures of the aliphatic units inserted into PC backbone were identified. ETC/PC molar ratios below 1 afforded both aliphatic–aromatic carbonate and ether groups, while higher ETC/PC molar ratios afforded aliphatic–aromatic ether and aliphatic–aliphatic carbonate groups. The co‐polymers prepared by the new process were clear without discoloration or opacity. The thermal analyses of the co‐polymers showed that, by the insertion of aliphatic moieties, it is possible to modulate the glass transition temperature (Tg) in a 30°C range. A decreased melt viscosity of the co‐polymers was also observed and therefore an improved processability should be expected with respect to standard PC. The reaction with aliphatic carbonates can be also considered as a promising chemical recycling process for PC scraps, through the synthesis of monomers such as bis(hydroxyethyl)ether of BPA. This monomer has already been used for the preparation of co‐polyesters of terephthalic acid with high Tg and thermal stability. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2014, 131, 39820.

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A Snapshot of Thermo‐Oxidative Degradation Products in Poly(bisphenol A carbonate) by Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry and Matrix‐Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry

Carroccio

Rizzarelli

Zampino

2011

Macro Chemistry & Physics

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The products derived from thermo-oxidation of poly(bisphenol A carbonate) (PC) and their related degradation pathways are investigated. PC degradation is carried out at 300 ° C in air. The oxidized products are analyzed for the fi rst time by using direct electrospray mass spectrometry (MS) and matrixassisted laser desorption ionization time of fl ight MS. Together with the formation of bisphenol A oligomers, several new structures containing biphenyl units, phenols, acetophenones, alcohols, acids, and xanthones molecules are detected. The use of thin fi lms, instead of PC bulk, allows one to obtain precise information about mechanisms involved during thermooxidative processes and to establish a new order of priorities among the renowned degradative reactions.

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Polycarbonates

Cited by 6 publications

References 64 publications

Solid state polymerization of bisphenol A polycarbonate: Effect of the crystallization method and polymerization conditions

Solid state polymerization of bisphenol A polycarbonate: Effect of the crystallization method and polymerization conditions

Chemical modification of bisphenol a polycarbonate by reactive blending with ethylene carbonate

A Snapshot of Thermo‐Oxidative Degradation Products in Poly(bisphenol A carbonate) by Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry and Matrix‐Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry

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