Polycarbazole Nanocomposites with Conducting Metal Oxides for Transparent Electrode Applications

Abstract

The preparation and characterization of conducting polycarbazole (PCz) hybrid films with a colorless transparency are described. They were prepared by the vacuum evaporation of tin, aluminum, or gallium onto anion-doped green-colored PCz films, or by applying gallium to the films, followed by their exposure to ambient air. The resultant hybrid films consisting of an undoped PCz backbone and metal compounds exhibited good transparencies (90-95% at a wavelength of 550 nm). The hybrid films have a specific cross-sectional structure in which the small regions of the metal compounds are dispersed in the PCz backbone. The hybridization reaction was mechanistically explained on the basis of the combination of a metal corrosion reaction and polymer dedoping reaction, which was successfully supported by the chemical analyses of the hybrid films. The electric conductivities of the hybrid films, measured by a four-point-probe method, ranged from 2.2 x 10(-4) to 6.0 x 10(-3) S cm(-1), which are considered to be the lowest limit because the use of the hybrid films as an electrochemical electrode reveals that a network of conductive paths is preferentially formed in the film thickness direction rather than in the in-plane direction.

Recent Trends and Developments in Conducting Polymer Nanocomposites for Multifunctional Applications

“…The surface area of conducting polymer films can be increased by titanium and carbon nanotubes to store drugs [127,128]. Many therapeutic drugs, such as 2-ethylhexyl phosphate, dopamine, naproxen, heparin, and dexamethasone, have been bound and successfully released from these polymers [129][130][131][132][133][134][135][136][137][138][139][140][141][142][143][144].…”

“…Thus, conducting polymers containing metal particles possess interesting properties of scientific and practical interests [132][133][134][135][136][137][138][139][140][141][142][143][144][145][146][147][148]. Researchers are more interested in developing the three-dimensional structure of conducting polymers, hybrid, and nanohybrid materials of conducting polymers.…”

Conductive Polymer Composites and Blends

“…A new approach was recently applied in the doping of PCz with CdS nanocrystals [105]. The chemically hybridized CdS-PCz nanocomposite revealed significant enhancement of photoconductivity compared with pure PCz and CdS/PCz nanoblends [106].…”

Band edge modulated conjugated polymers for oxidation prevention

“…Conjugated polymers (CPs) represent a major class of active materials in electronic devices. [1][2][3][4][5][6] They have also become the material of choice for antistatic coating, 7,8 buffer layers 9,10 and protective coatings. [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] CPs based protective coatings are proposed to impede metal and alloy (MA) oxidation by either acting as barrier coating [22][23][24] or inducing MA oxidation that results in formation of an oxide barrier layer.…”