A new terbium complex, [Tb 2 (phenoxyacetic acid) 6 (H 2 O) 3 ] n •nH 2 O (1) with a two-dimensional (2D) layered structure, has been prepared via a hydrothermal reaction and structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction technique. Compound 1 crystallizes in the space group Pī of the triclinic system with two formula units in one cell. Each terbium ion in compound 1 is coordinated by nine oxygen atoms to yield a monocapped tetragonal antiprism geometry. Photoluminescence spectra measured with solid-state sample of compound 1 demonstrate that the emission bands at 491, 545, 588 and 620 nm are observed from the 4f intrashell transitions of the Tb 3+ ions. These bands are originated from the 5 D 4 excited state to the 7 F 6 , 7 F 5 , 7 F 4 and 7 F 3 states, respectively. Solid-state diffuse reflectance spectrum reveals the existence of a wide optical band gap of 4.24 eV of compound 1.