Emerging artificial synaptic devices, endowed with the ability to process electronic signals using neuromorphic functions, mimic the operation of biological nervous systems. In this work, a humidity-sensitive artificial synaptic device is fabricated, which not only detects humidity but also generates a remarkable synaptic signal simultaneously. The device effectively attains a synaptic current response in diverse humidity environments due to the utilization of a humiditysensitive CMC-Na+GO/DCNBT-IDT bilayer p−n heterojunction transistor. With an increase in humidity, the concentrations of water molecules, hydroxyl groups, and protons in the medium increase, resulting in a more efficient ion transport effect that enhances the device conductivity. Ultimately, the fabricated synaptic device was utilized to achieve a negative feedback system for regulating humidity homeostasis.