Polyaniline-based electrocatalysts through emulsion polymerization: Electrochemical and electrocatalytic performances

Shehnaz,; Song, Xuedan; Ren, Shan; Yang, Ying; Guo, Yanan; Jing, Hongyu; Mao, Qing; Hao, Ce

doi:10.1016/j.jechem.2016.11.013

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Emulsifier-free emulsion polymerization requires only a small amount of emulsifier or [23] without emulsifier in the polymerization process. In the process of polymerization, the effect of emulsifier on emulsifier-free emulsion is different from that of traditional emulsion polymerization, mainly because the formation mechanism of micelle particles is different and the stability conditions of the emulsion system are different.…”

Section: Emulsion Polymerization Methodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Nano-ZnO Composite Polystyrene Acrylic Emulsion and Its Application in Chinese Painting Pigments

Sun

2022

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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With the continuous development of coating technology and environmental protection concepts, coating has become an indispensable item in the field of architecture and industry. Styrene acrylic emulsion as a new type of waterborne paint has attracted much attention since its emergence. Its functional modification is the focus of research, but the research results have not been ideal. To further improve the performance of styrene acrylic emulsion, nano-ZnO composite polystyrene emulsion was synthesized by emulsion polymerization, and its properties were analyzed. Aiming at the problem that nanopigments are prone to agglomeration, corresponding solutions are proposed, and the stability of nano-coatings is preliminarily studied. The inherent culture and essence of traditional culture and art is the wealth of realizing the unique nationalization and internationalization of design works. There is a lot of artistic quintessence in traditional Chinese painting art that can be used for reference to visual communication design. Through in-depth understanding and learning of Chinese painting theory and techniques, designers’ aesthetic abilities and innovation abilities can be qualitatively improved. First of all, the emulsion polymerization was carried out by semicontinuous method. The composite polystyrene emulsion containing different content of nano-ZnO was successfully prepared, which was recorded as N, Z, Z15, Z25, and Z35, respectively. The properties of the emulsion were determined, and the solid content, monomer conversion, viscosity, water absorption, and bacteriostatic effect of the emulsion were determined. The experimental results show that the solid content of emulsion Z15 (nano-ZnO content is 15%) reaches the highest value of 43.5%. The content of monomer in the emulsion affects the solid content, but the higher the monomer content, the better the solid content. The highest monomer conversion of Z15 was 86.4% at 80°C. The monomer conversion increased with the increase of polymerization temperature and tended to be stable after reaching the highest value. In the absence of nano-ZnO, the viscosity of the emulsion is the highest, and the viscosity of the emulsion decreases with the increase of the content of nano-ZnO monomer. Z35 (when the content of nano-ZnO is 35%) is the highest, which is 18.91%. The water absorption increases with the increase of nano-ZnO content. The content of nano-ZnO in the emulsion increased, the MIC value became smaller, and the bacteriostatic effect became better and better. This indicates that nano-ZnO composite polystyrene emulsion has good monomer conversion, super water resistance, and bacteriostatic effect, but its viscosity is relatively poor.

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Section: Emulsion Polymerization Methodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Nano-ZnO Composite Polystyrene Acrylic Emulsion and Its Application in Chinese Painting Pigments

Sun

2022

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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“…However, the application of Pt is limited by the scarce reserves and the high price, hampering the commercialization of PEMFCs. [1][2][3][4][5] In the past decades, lots of attentions has been paid to develop alternative non-precious metal electrocatalysts, including transition metal oxides, sulphides, heteroatomic (N, B, P, S, et al) doped carbon (HDC) and metal/nitrogen doped carbon (M/N/C). [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] Among them, owing to the low cost, reasonable activity and stability, and abundance in the earth crust, HDC and M/N/C have become the research hotspot, although the nature of the active sites in these electrocatalysts are still controversial.…”

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confidence: 99%

Iron/Nitrogen/Phosphorus Co-Doped Three-Dimensional Porous Carbon as a Highly Efficient Electrocatalyst for Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Liu

Zhu

et al. 2019

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Developing low cost, high active and stable non noble electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is of great importance for the practical application of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). Herein, we develop a hydrogel-pyrolysis strategy to synthesize an active iron/nitrogen/phosphorous co-doped carbon electrocatalyst (denoted as PANI-Fe/PA-N1050) by adopting aniline, phytic acid and iron trichloride as the precursors. The catalytic behavior for ORR in 0.1M NaOH solution was examined by cyclic voltammetry (CV), linear scanning voltammetry (LSV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results show that, compared with the single-doped counterparts, the iron/nitrogen/phosphorous co-doped carbon electrocatalyst exhibits a superior ORR performance in terms of an initial half-wave potential of 0.84 V vs. RHE and degradation of 14 mV after 1000 cycles. The performance enhancement could be attributed to the following aspects: (1) the crosslink of phytic acid and polyaniline forms a hydrogel, which after pyrolysis possesses high electrochemical surface area so that allows to accommodate quantity of active sites;(2) the Fe, N, P triple-doping generates abundant active sites including Fe-N x , graphitic N and P-doped carbon; (3) the charge transfer resistance decreases benefiting from the continuous 3D porous structure of carbon. The iron/nitrogen/phosphorous co-doped 3D porous carbon materials prepared by the facile and scalable hydrogel-pyrolysis route is also promising for energy conversion/storage.

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“…where ν and S are scan rates and mathematical integrating areas of I -V curves, respectively, and V and m are the potential window ( V ) and the mass loading of the materials [20] . The as-calculated specific capacitance of Nafion-Ppy and Ppy materials can be seen in Fig.…”

Section: Electrochemical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In our previous works, conductive polymers, such as polypyrrole (Ppy) [19] , polyaniline (PANI) [20,21] were developed to construct ordered electrodes with facile preparation procedures, excellent physical and electrochemical properties. What is more, there was an interesting phenomenon that the intermediate of pyrrole in polymerization process always exhibited the positive-charge state, which easily interacted with the electrolyte ions with opposite charges to realize the ion doping [22] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ordered Nafion® ionomers decorated polypyrrole nanowires for advanced electrochemical applications

Sun

Xia

et al. 2018

Journal of Energy Chemistry

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Polyaniline-based electrocatalysts through emulsion polymerization: Electrochemical and electrocatalytic performances

Cited by 13 publications

References 55 publications

Synthesis of Nano-ZnO Composite Polystyrene Acrylic Emulsion and Its Application in Chinese Painting Pigments

Synthesis of Nano-ZnO Composite Polystyrene Acrylic Emulsion and Its Application in Chinese Painting Pigments

Iron/Nitrogen/Phosphorus Co-Doped Three-Dimensional Porous Carbon as a Highly Efficient Electrocatalyst for Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Ordered Nafion® ionomers decorated polypyrrole nanowires for advanced electrochemical applications

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