Polyaniline-based biosensors

Malhotra, Bansi D.; Dhand, Chetna; Lakshminarayanan, Rajamani; Dwivedi, Neeraj; Mishra, Sachin; Solanki, Pratima R.; Mayandi, Venkatesh; Beuerman, Roger W.; Ramakrishna, Seeram

doi:10.2147/ndd.s64841

Cited by 27 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 151 publications

(101 reference statements)

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“…From the analysis of Figure 12 and Figure 13 , the reactivity of PANI (in relation to nucleophiles) is mainly located at terminal regions, which can be associated with the enhanced electropolymerization properties of this polymer [ 106 ]. High reactivity is observed on the nitrogen atoms, in relation to electrophiles, which is associated with the doping process of leucoemeraldine [ 107 ]. PT presents high reactivity on the sulphur atoms for both nucleophiles and electrophiles, which indicates the plausibility of p - and n -doping via this site; this is compatible with other works [ 108 , 109 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Mechanical Deformation on the Opto-Electronic Responses, Reactivity, and Performance of Conjugated Polymers: A DFT Study

Cachaneski-Lopes

Batagin‐Neto

2022

Polymers

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The development of polymers for optoelectronic applications is an important research area; however, a deeper understanding of the effects induced by mechanical deformations on their intrinsic properties is needed to expand their applicability and improve their durability. Despite the number of recent studies on the mechanochemistry of organic materials, the basic knowledge and applicability of such concepts in these materials are far from those for their inorganic counterparts. To bring light to this, here we employ molecular modeling techniques to evaluate the effects of mechanical deformations on the structural, optoelectronic, and reactivity properties of traditional semiconducting polymers, such as polyaniline (PANI), polythiophene (PT), poly (p-phenylene vinylene) (PPV), and polypyrrole (PPy). For this purpose, density functional theory (DFT)-based calculations were conducted for the distinct systems at varied stretching levels in order to identify the influence of structural deformations on the electronic structure of the systems. In general, it is noticed that the elongation process leads to an increase in electronic gaps, hypsochromic effects in the optical absorption spectrum, and small changes in local reactivities. Such changes can influence the performance of polymer-based devices, allowing us to establish significant structure deformation response relationships.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Mechanical Deformation on the Opto-Electronic Responses, Reactivity, and Performance of Conjugated Polymers: A DFT Study

Cachaneski-Lopes

Batagin‐Neto

2022

Polymers

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“…PDA based electrochemical glucose biosensors.-Glucose biosensors have maintained their ever-increasing relevance in the biosensors business, with considerable applications in healthcare diagnostics and research facilities. 54 The fundamental concept underlying amperometric glucose detection is explicitly illustrated in Eq. 1: glucose oxidase enzymes immobilized on bioelectrodes oxidize glucose molecules, resulting in the formation of peroxide, which is then electrochemically detected.…”

Section: Promising Properties Of Polydopamine For Biosensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review—Recent Advances in Polydopamine-based Electrochemical Biosensors

Dhand

Bisht

Dwivedi

et al. 2022

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Biosensors are a rapidly expanding field of science owing to their wide variety of applications in healthcare, pharmacology, environmental control, food quality assessment, security and defense, and, most notably, diagnostics. Among various biosensors, electrochemical biosensors are immensely popular due to their high sensitivity, low detection limit, automation competence, low testing cost, and owing to the invention of electrochemical disposable devices capable of dealing with extremely tiny sample quantities. For efficient biosensor development, biomolecule immobilization is a key step which needs the transducer surface to be functionalized. In 2007, polydopamine (PDA) arises as a substrate independent coating material with the capability to functionalize both inorganic and organic surfaces. The chemical structure of PDA enriched with catechol, imine, and amine groups provide an ideal environment for dense immobilization of biomolecules on transducer surface and demonstrates to be simple, accessible, and mild strategy for biosensor design. This review attempts to assemble existing research progressed on PDA-based electrochemical biosensors in terms of enzymatic biosensors (based on H2O2, glucose, alcoholic and laccase), genosensors (DNA sensing), immunosensors and aptasensors. In addition, literature on biosensing of thrombin, tumor indicators, amino acids, and other clinically important analytes has been compiled to offer a thorough review of PDA-based biosensors.

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“…The emergence of biosensors has facilitated the rapid diagnosis of a disease by replacing conventional, slow, and high-cost methods. Therefore, before a patient starts to deteriorate, the treatment process could be immediately initiated. − Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is one of the leading causes of death in the developed world. The prevalence of the disease approaches 3 million people worldwide, with more than 1 million deaths in the United States annually.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Label-Free Detection of Cardiac Biomarkers: A Review on Microfluidic Electrochemical Biosensors

Zadeh

Hosseini

Mohammadnejad

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Bio Mater.

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Biosensors are valuable tools for the detection of biological species, including cells, pathogens, proteins, and other biological molecules. Biosensing devices integrated with microfluidics not only allow for easier sample preparation, portability, and reduced detection time and cost but also offer unique features such as label-free detection and improved sensitivity. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), particularly acute myocardial infarction, which is considered one of the main causes of death, are currently diagnosed by electrocardiography (ECG), which has been proven to be inadequate. To overcome the limitations of ECG, the efficient detection of cardiac biomarkers and specifically the measurement of cardiac troponins (cTnT and cTnI) are suggested. This review aims to expound on microfluidics, the most recent materials to develop these devices, and their application in medical diagnosis, particularly in CVD detection. Moreover, we will explore some of the prevalent and last readout methods to investigate in-depth electrochemical label-free detection methods for CVDs, primarily based on voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, with the main focus on structural details.

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Polyaniline-based biosensors

Cited by 27 publications

References 151 publications

Effects of Mechanical Deformation on the Opto-Electronic Responses, Reactivity, and Performance of Conjugated Polymers: A DFT Study

Effects of Mechanical Deformation on the Opto-Electronic Responses, Reactivity, and Performance of Conjugated Polymers: A DFT Study

Review—Recent Advances in Polydopamine-based Electrochemical Biosensors

Label-Free Detection of Cardiac Biomarkers: A Review on Microfluidic Electrochemical Biosensors

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