Polyamines, polyamine oxidases and nitric oxide in development, abiotic and biotic stresses

Wimalasekera, Rinukshi; Tebartz, Felix; Scherer, Günther F. E.

doi:10.1016/j.plantsci.2011.04.002

Cited by 273 publications

(193 citation statements)

References 176 publications

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“…Polyamines also modulated the arginine-linked NO synthase and nitrate reductase pathways [52][53]. It seems that NO can fill the gap between several physiological effects of polyamines and the mitigation of stress [54].…”

Section: Signaling Components Providing Linkage Between Polyamines Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

Speculation: Polyamines are important in abiotic stress signaling

2015

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The main role of polyamines was originally assumed to be as direct protective compounds important under stress conditions. Although in some cases a correlation was found between the endogenous polyamine content and stress tolerance, this relationship cannot be generalized. Polyamines should no longer be considered simply as protective molecules, but rather as compounds that are involved in a complex signaling system and have a key role in the regulation of stress tolerance. The major links in polyamine signaling may be H 2 O 2 and NO, which are not only produced in the course of the polyamine metabolism, but also transmit signals that influence gene expression via an increase in the cytoplasmic Ca 2+ level.Polyamines can also influence Ca 2+ influx independently of the H 2 O 2 -and/or NO-mediated pathways. Furthermore, these pathways may converge. In addition, several protein kinases have been shown to be influenced at the transcriptional or post-translational level by polyamines. Individual polyamines can be converted into each other in the polyamine cycle.In addition, their metabolism is linked with other hormones or signaling molecules. However, as individual polyamines trigger different transcriptional responses, other mechanisms and the existence of polyamine-responsive elements and the corresponding transacting protein factors are also involved in polyamine-related signaling pathways. Highlights:-Polyamines are interconvertible in the polyamine cycle -The statement "the higher the polyamine level the better" cannot be generalized -In stress responses the ratio of signaling to direct protection is more important -Polyamines are also involved in hormonal cross-talk -H 2 O 2 and NO are the major but not the only links in polyamine stress signaling

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Section: Signaling Components Providing Linkage Between Polyamines Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

Speculation: Polyamines are important in abiotic stress signaling

2015

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“…[2][3][4][5] If arginase expression was modulated, the direct insight was to examine the arginine accumulation. Although changes of AtARGAHs expression had no significant effect on upstream ArticLe AddenduM the production of nitrogen species and reactive oxygen species (ROS).…”

Section: Effect Of Arginase Expression On Arginine Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[6][7][8][9][10][11][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] Among multiple signaling molecules, NO and polyamines might be ideal candidates to integrate several environment stress responses, but the crosstalk of NO and polyamines is complex and needs to be further dissected. 1,4,17 As shown in Figure 1, manipulating the expression of AtARGAHs supplied a good version to investigate the link between NO and polyamines, especially in plant responses to abiotic stress. [2][3][4][5] Our previous research together with other published data confirmed that proper levels of NO might be necessary and beneficial for plants in response to both abiotic stress and disease resistance.…”

Section: Effect Of Arginase Expression On Arginine Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,4,17 As shown in Figure 1, manipulating the expression of AtARGAHs supplied a good version to investigate the link between NO and polyamines, especially in plant responses to abiotic stress. [2][3][4][5] Our previous research together with other published data confirmed that proper levels of NO might be necessary and beneficial for plants in response to both abiotic stress and disease resistance. [6][7][8][9][10][11]13,14 As to polyamines, overexpression of several polyamine metabolism genes including ADC and SPMS resulted in increased polyamines and enhanced abiotic stress tolerance, while knockdown of these genes had the opposite results.…”

Section: Effect Of Arginase Expression On Arginine Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1][2][3][4][5] As shown in Figure 1, arginase (also known as ARGAH in Arabidopsis) is responsible for catalyze of arginine to ornithine and urea, and arginine decarboxylase (ADC) can metabolize arginine to agmatine and further to polyamines including putrescine, spermidine, spermine, etc. 2,3,5 Additionally, although nitric oxide synthase (NOS) has not been cloned in higher plants, similar NOS activity of animals has been detected in many plant species by many research groups.…”

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confidence: 99%

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