Polyamide nanofiltration membrane with highly uniform sub-nanometre pores for sub-1 Å precision separation

Liang, Yuanzhe; Zhu, Yu; Liu, Cheng; Lee, Kueir‐Rarn; Hung, Wei‐Song; Wang, Zhenyi; Li, Youyong; Elimelech, Menachem; Jin, Jian; Lin, Shihong

doi:10.1038/s41467-020-15771-2

Cited by 487 publications

(346 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…[ 25 ] Polyamide nanofiltration membrane with highly uniform sub‐nanometer pores for sub‐1 Å precision separation in the single salt feed has been reported by Liang et al. [ 26 ] For this membrane, a much higher separation factor (182) between monovalent to divalent ions, with water permeance of 17.1 L m −2 h −1 bar −1 , is reported. [ 26 ] However, all synthetic membranes suffer from a trade‐off relationship between water permeance and the ion selectivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultraselective and Highly Permeable Polyamide Nanofilms for Ionic and Molecular Nanofiltration

Sarkar

Modak

Karan

2020

Adv Funct Materials

194

144

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Membranes with ultrahigh ion selectivity and high liquid permeance are needed to produce high-quality product water with increased recovery and process efficiency in water desalination. The narrow pore size distribution and controlled surface charge in the separation layer of nanofiltration membranes significantly improve the ion selectivity through molecular sieving and Donnan exclusion of co-ions. Here, the ultraselective and yet highly water permeable polyamide nanofilm composite nanofiltration membranes developed by precisely controlling the kinetics of the interfacial polymerization reaction by maintaining the stoichiometric equilibrium at the interface is reported. The kinetically favorable stoichiometric equilibrium condition prohibits the formation of aggregate pores in the nanofilm and leads to the formation of narrow network pores with a high surface negative charge. Nanofilms are designed with a controlled degree of crosslinking and made as thin as ≈7 nm to achieve increased water permeance. The ultraselective membranes exhibit up to 99.99% rejection of divalent salt (Na 2 SO 4) and demonstrate monovalent to divalent ion selectivity of >4000. The selectivity of these nanofilm composite membranes is beyond the permeance-selectivity upper-bound line of the state-of-the-art nanofiltration membranes and one to two orders of magnitude higher than the commercially available membranes with pure water permeances of up to 23 L m −2 h −1 bar −1. The fabrication process is scalable for membrane manufacturing.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultraselective and Highly Permeable Polyamide Nanofilms for Ionic and Molecular Nanofiltration

Sarkar

Modak

Karan

2020

Adv Funct Materials

194

144

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“…Figure 3 proves that the PA active layer was steadily polymerized on the surface of the PES support without apparent defects. Furthermore, the sporadic protrusions on the surface of the TFC NF membranes ( Figure 3 B–D) were formed during the IP processes [ 10 ]. From the cross-section morphology of the TFC NF membranes ( Figure 3 a–d), it can be observed that the thickness of all the PA active layers was around 145 nm and did not change greatly with the monomer concentration.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result, the TAEA-PIP0 membrane should have had the highest MgCl 2 rejection, but the observations were completely the opposite. Thus, the salt rejection behavior of the resulting TAEA-PIP membranes depended on size-based sieving when the electro-positivity was similar [ 10 , 46 ]. Taking into account both water permeance and salt rejection, the TAEA-PIP0.01 NF membrane was selected for further studies.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently, typical NFs based on thin-film-composite (TFC) polyamide (PA) membranes are formed by interfacial polymerization (IP) between amine monomers (in aqueous solution) and acyl chloride monomers (in organic solvent) on an ultrafiltration support [ 8 , 9 , 10 ]. The excess acyl chloride groups can be hydrolyzed into carboxyl groups in the aqueous environment, causing the PA selective layers to be negatively charged, which then exhibit a low rejection to multivalent cations and are ineffective for water softening [ 11 , 12 , 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tailoring Charged Nanofiltration Membrane Based on Non-Aromatic Tris(3-aminopropyl)amine for Effective Water Softening

et al. 2020

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High-performance positively-charged nanofiltration (NF) membranes have a profound significance for water softening. In this work, a novel monomer, tris(3-aminopropyl)amine (TAEA), with one tertiary amine group and three primary amine groups, was blended with trace amounts of piperazine (PIP) in aqueous solution to fabricate a positively-charged NF membrane with tunable performance. As the molecular structures of TAEA and PIP are totally different, the chemical composition and structure of the polyamine selective layer could be tailored via varying the PIP content. The resulting optimal membrane exhibited an excellent water permeability of 10.2 LMH bar−1 and a high rejection of MgCl2 (92.4%), due to the incorporation of TAEA/PIP. In addition, this TAEA NF membrane has a superior long-term stability. Thus, this work provides a facile way to prepare a positively charged membrane with an efficient water softening ability.

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“…4,5,6,7 Membranes possess inherent attributes of high energy e ciency, good environmental safety, cost-effectiveness and small plant footprint, which exhibit grand potential for enormous separations in energy and environment elds. 8,9,10,11 However, the implementation of membranes for angstrom/sub-angstrom scale precise ion or molecule separations such as ion sieving, chiral recognition and ole n/para n separation still remains a major global challenge, 12,13,14 and the corresponding high-performance membranes are urgently needed. 15,16 Cellular membranes regulate the selective transport of sub-angstrom/angstrom scale ions or molecules with exceptional selectivity and superhigh transport rates, such as ions, water, gas and organic molecules for cell metabolism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioinspired nano-ordered liquid membrane for precise molecular separation

Dou¹,

Xu²,

Wang³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Cellular membranes provide ideal archetypes for molecule or ion separations with sub-angstrom scale precision, which are featured with both extremely high permeability and selectivity due to the well-defined membrane protein channels. However, the development of bioinspired membranes with artificial channels for sub-angstrom scale ethylene/ethane (0.416 nm / 0.443 nm) separation remains an uncharted territory and a significant challenge. Herein, a bioinspired nano-ordered liquid membrane is constructed by a facile ion/molecule self-assembly strategy for highly efficient ethylene/ethane separation, which mimics the structure of cellular membrane elegantly and possesses plenty of three-dimensional (3D) nanochannels. The elaborate regulation of non-covalent interactions by optimizing the ion/molecule compositions within membrane confers the nano-ordered liquid structure with interpenetrating and bi-continuous apolar domains and polar domains, which results in the formation of regular carrier wires and enormous 3D interconnected ethylene transport nanochannels. By virtue of these 3D nanochannels, the bioinspired nano-ordered liquid membrane manifests simultaneously super-high selectivity, excellent permeance and long-term stability, which exceeds previously reported ethylene/ethane separation membranes. This methodology in this work for construction of bioinspired membrane with tunable 3D nanochannels through ion/molecule self-assembly will enlighten the design and development of high-performance separation membranes for angstrom/sub-angstrom scale ion or molecule separations.

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Polyamide nanofiltration membrane with highly uniform sub-nanometre pores for sub-1 Å precision separation

Cited by 487 publications

References 33 publications

Ultraselective and Highly Permeable Polyamide Nanofilms for Ionic and Molecular Nanofiltration

Ultraselective and Highly Permeable Polyamide Nanofilms for Ionic and Molecular Nanofiltration

Tailoring Charged Nanofiltration Membrane Based on Non-Aromatic Tris(3-aminopropyl)amine for Effective Water Softening

Bioinspired nano-ordered liquid membrane for precise molecular separation

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