Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) anion-exchange membrane modified with multiwalled carbon nanotubes for alkaline fuel cells

Zhou, Tianchi; Wang, Min; He, Xuemei; Qiao, Jinli

doi:10.1016/j.jmat.2019.01.012

Cited by 35 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Figure 3 illustrates a proposed model of the chemical structure of AEMs based on the results of FTIR and literature [28,35]. The physical cross-linking between PVA chains is created by heat treatment (annealing).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These presumably happened because of a typical interaction between PVA and PDDA causing the phase separation. This phenomenon leads to relatively loose structures and possibly establishes a microporous structure through swelling in water, which can enhance the membrane flexibility and water-holding capacity, expand the bulk of the membrane, affording more space for hydroxide transport in the membrane [28]. From Figure 4b,d, it can be seen that the coarse surface structure is improved after the addition of nano-zirconia in the PVA/PDDA membrane.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first weight loss step indicates the release of water molecules in the AEMs and moisture absorbed from the atmosphere. The second weight loss step is potentially due to the decomposition of quaternary ammonium cationic groups, the cleavage of cross-linking bridges, and the breaking of some C–O and C–C bonds from PDDA and PVA, respectively [28]. The third weight loss step is associated with the decomposition of PVA and PDDA polymer backbones [37].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To improve the performance of AEMs, many approaches have been developed, including the design of a comb-shaped structure [18] or the extension of flexible spacers between the quaternary ammonium groups and the polymer backbone [19,20] with the introduction of multiple functional groups [21], plasticizer [22], and ionic liquid [23]. At present, inorganic fillers such as alkoxysilane, oxides (e.g., SiO 2 [24], Al 2 O 3 [25], TiO 2 [26], and ZrO 2 [27]), and nano-carbon (e.g., graphene [6], CNT [28]) are frequently incorporated into the membrane matrix to improve the mechanical, thermal, chemical, and electrochemical properties [4]. Amongst them, ZrO 2 has been widely used as an additive for AEMs fabrication because of good hydrophilicity and chemical stability in both the acidic and alkaline condition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preparation and Characterization of PVA/PDDA/Nano-Zirconia Composite Anion Exchange Membranes for Fuel Cells

Samsudin

Hacker

2019

Polymers

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Anion exchange membranes (AEMs) contribute significantly to enhance the performance and efficiency of alkaline polymer electrolyte fuel cells (APEFCs). A sequence of composite anion exchange membranes (AEMs) consisting of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA), and nano-zirconia (NZ) has been prepared by a solution casting technique. The effect of zirconia mass ratio on attribute and performance of composite AEMs was investigated. The chemical structures, morphology, thermal, and mechanical properties of AEMs were characterized by FTIR, SEM, thermogravimetric analysis, and universal testing machine, respectively. The performance of composite AEMs was verified using water uptake, swelling degree, ion-exchange capacity, and OH− conductivity measurement. The nano-zirconia was homogeneously dispersed in the PVA/PDDA AEMs matrix. The mechanical properties of the composite AEMs were considerably enhanced with the addition of NZ. Through the introduction of 1.5 wt.% NZ, PVA/PDDA/NZ composite AEMs acquired the highest hydroxide conductivity of 31.57 mS·cm−1 at ambient condition. This study demonstrates that the PVA/PDDA/NZ AEMs are a potential candidate for APEFCs application.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preparation and Characterization of PVA/PDDA/Nano-Zirconia Composite Anion Exchange Membranes for Fuel Cells

Samsudin

Hacker

2019

Polymers

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“…The first step at a temperature of 30-105 o C is also attributable to the evaporation of the discharge of water molecules in the membrane and moisture absorbed from the atmosphere. The second step at around 258-325 o C is potentially due to the decomposition of quaternary ammonium cationic groups, the crosslinking bridges cleavage, and the breaking of some C-O and C-C bonds from PDMAC and PVA (Zhou et al, 2019). The third step at 356-470 o C is associated with the PVA and PDDA decomposition polymer backbones.…”

Section: Thermal Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Poly(vinyl alcohol)-Based Anion Exchange Membranes for Alkaline Direct Ethanol Fuel Cells

Samsudin

Wolf

Roschger

et al. 2021

Int. J. Renew. Energy Dev.

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Crosslinked anion exchange membranes (AEMs) made from poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) as a backbone polymer and different approaches to functional group introduction were prepared by means of solution casting with thermal and chemical crosslinking. Membrane characterization was performed by SEM, FTIR, and thermogravimetric analyses. The performance of AEMs was evaluated by water uptake, swelling degree, ion exchange capacity, OH- conductivity, and single cell tests. A combination of quaternized ammonium poly(vinyl alcohol) (QPVA) and poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDMAC) showed the highest conductivity, water uptake, and swelling among other functional group sources. The AEM with a combined mass ratio of QPVA and PDDMAC of 1:0.5 (QPV/PDD0.5) has the highest hydroxide conductivity of 54.46 mS cm-1. The single fuel cell tests with QPV/PDD0.5 membrane yield the maximum power density and current density of 8.6 mW cm-2 and 47.6 mA cm-2 at 57 °C. This study demonstrates that PVA-based AEMs have the potential for alkaline direct ethanol fuel cells (ADEFCs) application.

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Membrane‐assisted capacitive deionization: Effect of Poly(vinyl alcohol) cross‐linking on the properties of ion exchange membranes

Bakola,

Kotrotsiou,

Kiparissides

2024

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Novel composite electrodes were developed for application in membrane capacitive deionization (MCDI). Activated carbon (AC) was dispersed in a solution of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) mixed with polyacrylic acid (PAA) or poly dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride (PDMDAAC), and cast onto the surface of an AC‐based modified graphite electrode, prepared by phase inversion, to form a composite membrane further cross‐linked with glutaraldehyde (GA). The effect of the cross‐linking on the chemical structure of the PVA‐based membranes was determined by attenuated total reflectance Fourier‐transform infrared (ATR‐FTIR) spectroscopy. Cyclic voltammetry was conducted to examine the specific capacitance of the composite electrodes. Desalination experiments were then performed with MCDI unit cells to study the effect of cross‐linking on the desalination efficiency. It was proved that after optimization, the synthesized composite electrodes exhibited one and a half times higher NaCl removal capacity and three times higher adsorption rate as compared to that of a conventional CDI cell using commercial ion exchange membranes (IEMs) with almost the same energy consumption. The enhanced desalination performance was attributed to the optimized properties of the selected polymers and the improved adhesion of IEMs to the electrodes. This research paves the way for the application of new materials in MCDI processes for improved water desalination.

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Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) anion-exchange membrane modified with multiwalled carbon nanotubes for alkaline fuel cells

Cited by 35 publications

References 41 publications

Preparation and Characterization of PVA/PDDA/Nano-Zirconia Composite Anion Exchange Membranes for Fuel Cells

Preparation and Characterization of PVA/PDDA/Nano-Zirconia Composite Anion Exchange Membranes for Fuel Cells

Poly(vinyl alcohol)-Based Anion Exchange Membranes for Alkaline Direct Ethanol Fuel Cells

Membrane‐assisted capacitive deionization: Effect of Poly(vinyl alcohol) cross‐linking on the properties of ion exchange membranes

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