Four kinds of functional polyethylene carrying thioester pendants were synthesized via ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) of alkyl cyclopent-3-enecarbothioate catalyzed by a ruthenium-based commercial catalyst and subsequent hydrogenation of the ROMP products (alkyl 5 ethyl, nbutyl, n-octyl, or n-dodecyl). In these polymers the pendant alkyl thioester groups are precisely distributed along the backbone on every five methylene carbons. Chain structure, molecular weight and molecular weight distribution of the polymers were characterized by 1 H and 13 C NMR, and GPC. The ROMP reactions all reached high monomer conversions, and hydrogenation of the ROMP products were exhaustive. Thermal transitions and side chain crystallization behaviors of the polymer were investigated and characterized by DSC and TGA. Glass transition temperature and melting temperature of these polymers were higher than the counterparts containing ester pendants. TGA analysis indicated that all the thioester-containing polymers exhibited moderate thermal stability, and the sulfurcontaining polymers show slightly lower thermal stability than their counterparts without sulfur. The new family of functionalized polyethylenes could be used as models of ethylenethioacrylate copolymers, and find applications as novel functional materials.