Poly(phenylenediamine) Dispersions

Sulimenko, Tetyana; Stejskal, Jaroslav; Prokeš, Ján

doi:10.1006/jcis.2000.7415

Cited by 70 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(39 reference statements)

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“…Poly(1,4-phenylenediamine) hydrochloride was similarly deposited during the oxidation of 1,4-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride (Fluka) with 0.5M ammonium peroxydisulfate in water. 23 …”

Section: Coating With Other Polymersmentioning

confidence: 97%

Flame retardancy afforded by polyaniline deposited on wood

Stejskal

Brodinová

Sapurina

2006

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Wood scantlings were coated with polyaniline (PANI) during the in situ polymerization of aniline with ammonium peroxydisulfate in an aqueous medium. The coating was made in hydrochloric or phosphoric acid solutions in both the absence and presence of stabilizers, poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) or colloidal silica. The PANI-coated wood was placed in a flame or in a furnace operating at 400 or 6008C, and the decrease in the mass was determined. The wood coated with PANI was less reduced in its mass than uncoated samples and was converted to charcoal rather than to ashes. The deposition of related polymers, polypyrrole and poly(1,4-phenylenediamine), provided similar protection against heat exposure. Fourier transform infrared and Raman spectra of the residues after the burning of PANI-coated wood were compared. The soaking of wood in PANI colloids did not result in similar protection of wood against fire; the coating of the cellulose fibers with PANI during the polymerization was needed for the enhanced stability of wood at elevated temperatures. The concept of carbonization processes at the surface layer of PANI-coated cellulose fibers leading to the formation of carbonaceous microtubes is offered to explain the improved stability of wood against flame and heat exposure.

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“…Poly(1,4-phenylenediamine) hydrochloride was similarly deposited during the oxidation of 1,4-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride (Fluka) with 0.5M ammonium peroxydisulfate in water. 23 …”

Section: Coating With Other Polymersmentioning

confidence: 97%

Flame retardancy afforded by polyaniline deposited on wood

Stejskal

Brodinová

Sapurina

2006

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…These facts prove that the molecular structure of PpPD is different from that of PmPD (Scheme 1). [26,27,29] The supramolecular structures of PpPDA C H T U N G T R E N N U N G (HCl) and PmPD-A C H T U N G T R E N N U N G (H 2 O) microparticles have been characterized by wide-angle X-ray diffraction studies (Figure 2), which show different amorphous structure characteristics that are coincident with the molecular structure. The spectrum of PpPD shows a broad diffraction peak centered at the Bragg angle of 258, together with several sharp peaks at 20.48, 22.78, and 29.28 that are ascribed to a very small amount of residual inorganic salt (the reductive product of the oxidant (NH 4 (base) procured after a treatment with NH 4 OH also does not exhibit any sharp diffraction peaks (Figure 2 d).…”

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confidence: 99%

Rapid and Effective Adsorption of Lead Ions on Fine Poly(phenylenediamine) Microparticles

Huang

Peng

2006

Chemistry A European J

196

123

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Fine microparticles of poly(p-phenylenediamine) (PpPD) and poly(m-phenylenediamine) (PmPD) were directly synthesized by a facile oxidative precipitation polymerization and their strong ability to adsorb lead ions from aqueous solution was examined. It was found that the degree of adsorption of the lead ions depends on the pH, concentration, and temperature of the lead ion solution, as well as the contact time and microparticle dose. The adsorption data fit the Langmuir isotherm and the process obeyed pseudo-second-order kinetics. According to the Langmuir equation, the maximum adsorption capacities of lead ions onto PpPD and PmPD microparticles at 30 degrees C are 253.2 and 242.7 mg g(-1), respectively. The highest adsorptivity of lead ions is up to 99.8 %. The adsorption is very rapid with a loading half-time of only 2 min as well as initial adsorption rates of 95.24 and 83.06 mg g(-1) min(-1) on PpPD and PmPD particles, respectively. A series of batch experiment results showed that the PpPD microparticles possess an even stronger capability to adsorb lead ions than the PmPD microparticles, but the PmPD microparticles, with a more-quinoid-like structure, show a stronger dependence of lead-ion adsorption on the pH and temperature of the lead-ion solution. A possible adsorption mechanism through complexation between Pb(2+) ions and ==N-- groups on the macromolecular chains has been proposed. The powerful lead-ion adsorption on the microparticles makes them promising adsorbents for wastewater cleanup.

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“…Usually, regardless of the electrooxidation and chemical oxidation of PPDA, the molecules of PPDA were first oxidized to form cation radicals; then, they coupled with each other (Scheme 1) through CAC, NAN and CAN bonding, which greatly depended on the reaction conditions. [46][47][48][49][50] Because of the low concentration of PPDA [0.1 mM; Fig. 4(a,b)] and low oxidation potential [0.7 V; Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In situ UV-vis spectra of the homopolymerization of PPDA Several reports [46][47][48][49][50] have show that three phenylenediamine isomers all could be polymerized with chemical oxidation polymerization. The structure of the prepared polymers was the ladder structure [46][47][48] with phenazine type or the linear structure, 49,50 which closely relied on the oxidant and the media employed in the chemical oxidation polymerization.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The structure of the prepared polymers was the ladder structure [46][47][48] with phenazine type or the linear structure, 49,50 which closely relied on the oxidant and the media employed in the chemical oxidation polymerization. However, because the poly(o-phenylenediamine) or poly(m-phenylenediamine) deposited on the electrode through electropolymerization method was insulating, this led to a failure to produced electrochemically thicker and electroactive films on the electrode.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation of the electropolymerization of o‐toluidine and p‐phenylenediamine and their electrocopolymerization by in situ ultraviolet–visible spectroelectrochemistry

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2009

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Under the conditions of potentiostatic electrolysis, the electropolymerization of o-toluidine (OT) and para-phenylenediamine (PPDA) and the electrocopolymerization between OT and PPDA on an indium tin oxide (ITO) conductive glass electrode at potentials of 0.7, 0.8, and 0.9 V were studied in detail by in situ ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectrometry in 0.5 mol/L sulfuric acid media. It was shown that both OT and PPDA could be electropolymerized on the ITO electrode, which depended on the applied electrolysis potential and the concentration of the monomer. Furthermore, in situ UV-vis spectra indicated that the electrocopolymerization between OT and PPDA could happen. The presence of PPDA not only promoted polymerization but also accelerated polymerization, which was attributed to the formation of an intermediate result from the coupling of PPDA and the toluidine monomer cation radical. PPDA could be incorporated into the copolymer to make the copolymer have a phenazine or phenazine-like cyclic structure, which was proven by the reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectra of the polymer and copolymer. The scanning electron microscopy morphology images of the polymers obtained showed that, in addition to accelerating polymerization, PPDA also could change the method of nucleation for the polymer to make the copolymer possess a fibrous surface morphology. The diameter of the fibroid copolymer was about 100 nm, and the length of that reached about 1000 nm. In the article, a newer concerned mechanism of copolymerization was proposed.

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Poly(phenylenediamine) Dispersions

Cited by 70 publications

References 36 publications

Flame retardancy afforded by polyaniline deposited on wood

Flame retardancy afforded by polyaniline deposited on wood

Rapid and Effective Adsorption of Lead Ions on Fine Poly(phenylenediamine) Microparticles

Investigation of the electropolymerization of o‐toluidine and p‐phenylenediamine and their electrocopolymerization by in situ ultraviolet–visible spectroelectrochemistry

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