Poly(Methyl Methacrylate) Coatings Containing Flame Retardant Additives from Suspensions in Water-2-Propanol

Li, Xuelin; Wang, Zhengzheng; Sakib, Sadman; Mathews, Ritch; Zhitomirsky, Igor

doi:10.3390/molecules26071974

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…of the surface hydroxyl group (Figure 4Ac) [45]. The peaks at 1006, 906, and 525 cm −1 were ascribed to the stretching mode of Si-O-Si, the bending vibrations of Al-OH, and the bending and stretching vibrations of Si-O-Al, respectively [46,47]. The as-received hydrotalcite (Figure 4Ad) showed a peak at 3432 cm −1 due to the stretching mode of the hydroxy groups; the asymmetric stretching of the carbonate contributed to the peak at 1363 cm −1 ; the bands at 777, 648, and 553 cm −1 were assigned to oxygen-metal-oxygen stretching [48,49].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poly(ethyl methacrylate) Composite Coatings Containing Halogen-Free Inorganic Additives with Flame-Retardant Properties

et al. 2022

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This investigation is motivated by the need for the development of polymer coatings containing inorganic flame-retardant materials (FRMs) and the replacement of toxic halogenated FRMs. A green strategy is reported for the fabrication of poly(ethyl methacrylate) (PEMA)-FRM composite coatings using a dip-coating method. The use of water-isopropanol co-solvent allows the replacement of regular toxic solvents for PEMA. The abilities to form concentrated solutions of high-molecular-mass PEMA and to disperse FRM particles in such solutions are the main factors in the fabrication of coatings using a dip-coating technique. Huntite, halloysite, and hydrotalcite are used as advanced FRMs for the fabrication of PEMA-FRM coatings. FTIR, XRD, SEM, and TGA data are used for the analysis of the microstructure and composition of PEMA-FRM coatings. PEMA and PEMA-FRM coatings provide corrosion protection of stainless steel. The ability to form laminates with different layers using a dip-coating method facilitates the fabrication of composite coatings with enhanced properties.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poly(ethyl methacrylate) Composite Coatings Containing Halogen-Free Inorganic Additives with Flame-Retardant Properties

et al. 2022

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“…and chemically processed PMMA. However, the wave numbers, including 810 cm 865 cm −1 (stretching mode of C-H and C-C), 1024.7 cm −1 and 1260 cm −1 (C-O asymme stretching modes of C-O-C), and 1405 cm −1 (bending mode of C-H) [15,[25][26][27], were cl to those originating from silicone. This makes PMMA film unidentified.…”

Section: Chemical Analysis Of the Deposited Pp-mma Polymer Filmsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Application of Spectroscopic Analysis for Plasma Polymerization Deposition onto the Inner Surfaces of Silicone Tubes

et al. 2022

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In the current study, plasma-polymerized methyl methacrylate (PP-MMA) generation on the inner surface of a silicone tube was performed in a capacitively coupled discharge reactor. The possibility of generating plasma inside the tube was analyzed and calculated by using optical emission spectroscopy (OES). A hollow cathode model was first proposed to determine whether plasma discharge would be generated inside the tube in the low-pressure regime. Since the ignition of plasma inside the tube is necessary for the initiation of polymerization processes, the sheath thickness was calculated analytically. To achieve the goal, the electron temperature and density of plasma should be determined beforehand. In this study, the electron temperature and plasma density were measured and calculated according to OES spectra using both the modified Boltzmann plot and the line-ratio method. The results reveal that the occurrence of plasma inside the tube can be achieved if the tube’s inner diameter is greater than two times the thickness of the sheath. The effect of methyl methacrylate (MMA) monomer concentration on sheath thickness, and, hence, plasma generation and deposition, was investigated in the presence of argon plasma and MMA monomer. According to the study, one could control the ignition of plasma discharges inside the tube followed by plasma polymerization deposition. The OES method was also applied to identify the presence of the excited species related to the fragmented monomer. The deposition of PP-MMA films on the inner surface of the tube was confirmed via attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy.

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“…The six scenarios are chosen because they are plausible methods for the scale-up production of the SCNPs. In addition to tetrahydrofuran (THF), four alternative solvents, dichloromethane (DCM), chloroform (trichloromethane, TCM), benzene, and toluene, which are known to dissolve poly(methylmethacrylate), , are evaluated to determine which solvent has the lowest environmental impact and is preferable for industrial production. It is important to state that solvent choice can have an effect on the reaction kinetics, but given the extremely low concentration of the polymers and high relative strength of a broad spectrum lamp used in the experiment, we assume these to be minimal on the total reaction time. , …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Impact Differences of Single-Chain Nanoparticle Production by Batch and Flow Chemistry

Galant,

Diesendruck,

Spatari

2023

Org. Process Res. Dev.

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Emerging nanoscale materials are under development for multiple high-performance product applications such as advanced polymers. Single-chain polymer nanoparticles (SCNPs) have many promising high-performance uses in catalysts, lubricants, nanoreactors, and biomedical applications; however, synthetic routes to SCNPs are still under development and usually require an excessive amount of solvent, imposing costly environmental impacts. Following our previous experimental study in which we developed a flow process for SCNP production and demonstrated its advantages in productivity and yield over classical batch preparation, in this study we apply prospective life cycle assessment (LCA) methods to evaluate alternative SCNP synthesis routes through a photochemistry process and examine the role of limiting solvent quantity and type used. We compare SCNP production through a flow photochemical process versus a classical batch process. Using a cradle-to-gate system boundary, we compare the performance of different batch and flow processing scenarios, considering solvent recovery through vacuum distillation, atmospheric distillation, and solvent replacement and waste solvent treatment. The results indicate that there are environmental benefits under the flow process over conventionally used batch processes where the solvent is recovered through atmospheric distillation, and toluene is the preferred solvent. In addition, we compare the LCA results to a common green chemistry metric known as the environmental factor and conclude that a green chemistry metric alone is insufficient. Hence, a comprehensive and systematic life cycle approach is needed to understand the environmental impacts of flow chemistry with potential scenarios prior to scaling up production.

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Poly(Methyl Methacrylate) Coatings Containing Flame Retardant Additives from Suspensions in Water-2-Propanol

Cited by 6 publications

References 46 publications

Poly(ethyl methacrylate) Composite Coatings Containing Halogen-Free Inorganic Additives with Flame-Retardant Properties

Poly(ethyl methacrylate) Composite Coatings Containing Halogen-Free Inorganic Additives with Flame-Retardant Properties

Application of Spectroscopic Analysis for Plasma Polymerization Deposition onto the Inner Surfaces of Silicone Tubes

Environmental Impact Differences of Single-Chain Nanoparticle Production by Batch and Flow Chemistry

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