Poly- m -aramid electrospun nanofibrous mats as high-performance flame retardants for carbon fiber reinforced composites

A New Wood Surface Flame‐Retardant Based on Poly‐m‐Aramid Electrospun Nanofibers

“…PMIA can be solubilized in the presence of inorganic salts (LiCl) and can be easily processed to produce nanofibrous membranes. The production of nanofibers via electrospinning starting from PMIA solution has been already approached and optimized , and nanofibers can be obtained with a significantly different extent of orientation both by playing on the processing and environmental parameters or, as in the present case, by simply varying the rotation speed of the rotating drum used for accumulating and recovering the nanofibers. The difference in the fibers alignment could significantly modify the fire response of the final material, when used as outer coating: indeed, membranes based on randomly oriented fibers would guarantee a isotropic behavior to the coating layer, while the aligned ones are far better behaving in a single direction, while the cross‐sectional behavior might suffer from the poor cohesion of the fibers.…”

“…Since membranes with a significantly different orientation have been already observed to provide a significantly different mechanical behavior , with the aim of evaluating the actual mechanical performance both PMIA‐R and PMIA‐A nanofibrous mats have been mechanically characterized by means of tensile tests. Since these membranes are quite thin and might be difficult to handle during tensile testing operations, mat samples were fixed to a paper frame with glue to prevent the sliding of fibers and for a correct and safe fixing of the specimen on the machine grips .…”

“…Membranes were obtained accordingly to a published procedure . Polymeric solutions were prepared dissolving LiCl in DMAc under magnetic stirring and mild warming (40°C) for at least 2 h, and then PMIA was added and the system stirred at 70°C until formation of homogeneous solutions.…”

“…In this frame, poly( m ‐phenylene isophtalamide) ‐ PMIA (NOMEX, DuPont) is a well‐known fire resistant material : beyond being an inherently flame resistant and self‐extinguishing polymer, PMIA fibers, in the form of fabric (155 g/m 2 each, four layers required), have been reported as flame shielding coating . Furthermore in a recent study, the effect of PMIA nanofibrous mats as FR on carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) materials was reported . Considering the promising results obtained, the potential flame‐retardant effect of a micrometric thick superficial layer of PMIA nanofibers applied onto wood is thus been investigated in this article.…”

Safer plasticized polyvinyl chloride synthetic leathers for the automotive industry: Evaluation of alternatives to antimony compounds as flame retardants

“…Flame behavior of a material can be modified following a number of different approaches: considering that flammability is an essentially surface phenomenon, a protective layer at the phase boundary can be introduced to delay the flame , while a more common approach involves the addition to the bulk of the plastic of some specific additives known as flame retardants (FRs). These compounds, or mixtures of compounds, act delaying the ignition of the material and/or decreasing its chance to occur, possibly lending less‐efficient burning and imparting self‐extinguishing effects.…”