Poly(ionic liquid)-derived nanoporous carbon analyzed by combination of gas physisorption and small-angle neutron scattering

Mascotto, Simone; Kuźmicz, Danuta; Wallacher, Dirk; Siebenbürger, Miriam; Clemens, Daniel; Risse, Sebastian; Yuan, Jiayin; Antonietti, Markus; Ballauff, Matthias

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2014.10.086

Cited by 37 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The SANS data were analyzed quantitatively in terms of pore size, porosity, wall thickness and angularity of the pores. In addition, the approach of the chord-length distribution (CLD) is used [44][45][46][47][48].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An advanced structural characterization of templated meso-macroporous carbon monoliths by small- and wide-angle scattering techniques

Badaczewski¹,

Loeh²,

Pfaff³

et al. 2020

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol.

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This study is dedicated to link the nanoscale pore space of carbon materials, prepared by hard-templating of meso-macroporous SiO 2 monoliths, to the corresponding nanoscale polyaromatic microstructure using two different carbon precursors wthat generally exhibit markedly different carbonization properties, i.e., a graphitizable pitch and a non-graphitizable resin. The micro-and mesoporosity of these monolithic carbon materials was studied by the sorption behavior of a relatively large organic molecule (p-xylene) in comparison to typical gas adsorbates (Ar). In addition, to obtain a detailed view on the nanopore space small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) combined with in situ physisorption was applied, using deuterated p-xylene (DPX) as a contrast-matching agent in the neutron scattering process. The impact of the carbon precursor on the structural order on an atomic scale in terms of size and disorder of the carbon microstructure, on the nanopore structure, and on the template process is analyzed by special evaluation approaches for SANS and wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS). The WAXS analysis shows that the pitch-based monolithic material exhibits a more ordered microstructure consisting of larger graphene stacks and similar graphene layer sizes compared to the monolithic resin. Another major finding is the discrepancy in the accessible micro/mesoporosity between Ar and deuterated p-xylene that found for the two different carbon precursors, pitch and resin, which can be regarded as representative carbon precursors in general. These differences essentially indicate that physisorption using probe gases such as Ar or N 2 can provide misleading parameters if to be used to appraise the accessibility of the nanoscale pore space.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An advanced structural characterization of templated meso-macroporous carbon monoliths by small- and wide-angle scattering techniques

Badaczewski¹,

Loeh²,

Pfaff³

et al. 2020

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The SANS data were analysed quantitatively in terms of pore size, porosity, wall thickness and angularity of the pores. In addition, the approach of the chord-length distribution (CLD) is used [47][48][49][50][51].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An advanced structural characterization of templated meso-macroporous carbon monoliths by small- and wide-angle scattering techniques

Badaczewski¹,

Loeh²,

Pfaff³

et al. 2019

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study is dedicated to link the nanoscaled pore space of carbons, prepared by hard-templating of meso-macroporous SiO2 monoliths, to the corresponding nanoscaled polyaromatic microstructure. Two different carbon precursors were used, which generally exhibit markedly different carbonization properties, i.e. a graphitizable pitch and a non-graphitizable resin. The micro- and mesoporosity of these monolithic carbons was studied by the sorption behaviour of a relatively large organic molecule (para-xylene) in comparison to typical gas adsorbates (Ar). In addition, to obtain a detailed view on the nanopore space small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) combined with in-situ physisorption was applied, using deuterated p-xylene (DPX) as a contrast-matching agent in the neutron scattering process. The impact of the carbon precursor on the structural order on an atomic scale in terms of the size and the disorder of the carbon microstructure, on the nanopore structure and on the template process is analysed by special evaluation approaches for SANS and wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS). The WAXS analysis shows that the pitch-based monolithic exhibits a more ordered microstructure consisting of larger graphene stacks and similar graphene layer sizes compared to the monolithic resin. Another major finding is the discrepancy in the accessible micro/mesoporosity between Ar and deuterated p-xylene, which was found for the two different carbon precursors (pitch, resin), which can be regarded as representatives in regard to carbon precursors in general. These differences essentially indicate that physisorption using probe gases such as Ar or N2 can provide misleading parameters if to be used to appraise the accessibility of the nanoscaled pore space.

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“…[1][2][3] Porous carbons have already been extensively applied in the elds of separation, purication, catalysts and catalyst supports, supercapacitors, electrochemical electrodes, sensors and thermal insulation. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] Porous carbons can be prepared in the form of bers, membranes, capsules, powders and monoliths. 4 Among these porous carbons with different shapes, porous carbon monoliths are of vital importance because they have promising applications in elds involving catalyst carriers, thermal and acoustic insulation, adsorption of volatile organic pollutants in the air, hydrogen storage, and sewage disposal, where porous carbon monoliths are functionally advantageous.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] Porous carbons can be prepared in the form of bers, membranes, capsules, powders and monoliths. 4 Among these porous carbons with different shapes, porous carbon monoliths are of vital importance because they have promising applications in elds involving catalyst carriers, thermal and acoustic insulation, adsorption of volatile organic pollutants in the air, hydrogen storage, and sewage disposal, where porous carbon monoliths are functionally advantageous. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] Moreover, the freestanding ability of porous carbon monoliths makes their handling easy and simple.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…29 In follow-up studies, microporous carbon powders with high specic surface areas of up to 2830 m 2 g À1 (close to the theoretical specic surface area of graphene, 2965 m 2 g À1 ) were prepared via the condensation of ionic liquids within salt eutectics, and poly(ionic liquid)s were developed to prepare porous carbon bers and membranes due to their processability as polymers. 4,30 Additionally, metal-free N-doped carbon aerogels as promising electrocatalytic materials and high surface area iron/ cobalt-containing N-doped porous carbon aerogels for oxygen reduction reaction were prepared using ionic liquids via the salt templating method. [31][32][33] By researching the effects of different ionic liquids and salts on the porous carbons, it was veried that the alkaline earth metal salts can be used as porogens to fabricate micropores and mesopores by tuning the concentrations of salts due to their small molecular size.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High-pressure salt templating strategy toward intact isochoric hierarchically porous carbon monoliths from ionic liquids

Zhang

Feng

2017

RSC Adv.

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Poly(ionic liquid)-derived nanoporous carbon analyzed by combination of gas physisorption and small-angle neutron scattering

Cited by 37 publications

References 43 publications

An advanced structural characterization of templated meso-macroporous carbon monoliths by small- and wide-angle scattering techniques

An advanced structural characterization of templated meso-macroporous carbon monoliths by small- and wide-angle scattering techniques

An advanced structural characterization of templated meso-macroporous carbon monoliths by small- and wide-angle scattering techniques

High-pressure salt templating strategy toward intact isochoric hierarchically porous carbon monoliths from ionic liquids

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