Poly(hydroxy urethane)s based on renewable diglycerol dicarbonate

Synthesis and properties of allyl terminated renewable non-isocyanate polyurethanes (NIPUs) and polyureas (NIPUreas) and study of their photo-crosslinking

“…Three main approaches have been described: (i) The reaction of diamines with five-membered bicyclocarbonates leading to poly(hydroxylurethane)s [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]; (ii) the self-polycondensation of AB-type fatty monomers bearing hydroxyl and acyl azide groups, in the presence or absence of catalyst. The heating of acyl azide groups led to in situ formation of isocyanate groups via Curtius rearrangement [18][19][20][21]; (iii) the polycondensation by transurethanization consisting in the reaction between dicarbamates and diols, in the presence of a catalyst, especially 1,5,7-triazabicyclo [4.4.0]dec-5-ene (TBD) [22,23].…”

Novel thermoplastic polyhydroxyurethane elastomers as effective damping materials over broad temperature ranges

“…In recent years, numerous studies have investigated PHU synthesis with strong emphasis on the production of single-phase PHUs, crosslinked PHU networks, reaction catalysis and the synthesis of carbonate monomers . For example, Endo and coworkers [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23], as well as others [24][25][26][27][28][29], synthesized PHUs from carbonated epoxy resins (such as Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, hydroquinone diglycidyl ether, and butanediol diglycidyl ether) and small-molecule diamines (such as hexamethylene diamine) resulting in single-phase PHUs [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. The reaction kinetics of five-, six- [17][18][19]51], seven- [20] and eight-membered ring carbonates [12], the influence of substituent on reactivity [21,52], and the effects of catalysts [22,[30][31][32] were also characterized.…”

A novel 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid-based bis(cyclic carbonate) for the synthesis of biobased non-isocyanate polyurethanes

“…According to literatures, most PHUs were able to form amorphous phases, which could be attributed to the presence of hydroxyl groups along the polymer backbones. 3,31 Since both primary and secondary hydroxyl groups could be formed, depending on which direction the ve-membered cyclic carbonate rings were opened, the random distribution of the primary and secondary hydroxyl groups could hinder the ordering between the polymer chains, therefore preventing the crystallization of PHUs.…”

“…By changing formulations with different polyols and isocyanates, a variety of PUs with specic properties can be developed for a broad range of industrial applications, including coatings, foams, paints, thermoplastics, adhesives, and sealants. [3][4][5][6] However, isocyanates are considered to be hazardous to the environment and human health. 4,7,8 Moreover, isocyanates are typically produced from the reactions of amines with phosgene, which can be extremely dangerous to humans.…”