Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) as a Reusable Solvent Medium for Organic Synthesis. Application in the Heck Reaction

Abstract

[reaction: see text] PEG has been used as a solvent medium for regioselective Heck reactions with easy recyclability of solvent and Pd catalyst for the first time.

An environmentally benign and efficient synthesis of 2-thio-substituted benzothiazoles

“…It has benign characteristic properties with respect to environment and chemical industry such as low cost, low flammability, low toxicity, recyclability, facile degradability, and miscibility with various organic solvents likes toluene, dichloromethane, alcohol, and acetone [11], compared to ionic liquids, supercritical fluids, and micellar systems [12]. Polyethylene glycol is compatible with several organic synthetic transformations like substitution reactions [13], oxidation and reduction reactions [14], Heck reaction [15], asymmetric dihydroxylation [16], Suzuki cross-coupling reaction [17], Wacker reaction [18], and partial reductions of alkynes [19].…”

Polyethylene glycol (PEG-400) as a medium for novel and efficient synthesis of 2-phenyl-2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one derivatives

“…In past decades, polyethylene glycol (PEG-400) has acquired significance as an eco-friendly solvent in many organic reactions, and economically viable, non-hazardous, and nontoxic green solvent. On the other hand, PEG also acts as a phase transfer catalyst and is used in many synthetic organic transformations [16] such as oxidation, reduction reactions [17], and Suzuki cross-coupling reaction [18], Wacker reaction [19], and Heck reaction [20]. …”

A "green" synthesis of N-(quinoline-3-ylmethylene)benzohydrazide derivatives and their cytotoxicity activities

“…In general, PEG being a biologically acceptable polymer has been used extensively in drug delivery and in bioconjugates as tool for diagnostics. It was already used successfully in different reactions like oxidation, 10 reduction, 11 Michael reaction, 12 BaylisHillman reaction, 13 Heck coupling, 14 Suzuki-Miyaura cross coupling, 15 synthesis of bezimidazole, 16 etc. It was also used in enantioselective asymmetric synthesis like asymmetric dihydroxylation, 17 asymmetric aldol reaction, 18 etc.…”