Poly[dithio-2,5-(1,3,4-thiadiazole)] (PDMcT)–poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) composite cathode for high-energy lithium/lithium-ion rechargeable batteries

Poly(2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole)/sulfonated graphene composite as cathode material for rechargeable lithium batteries

“…In order to overcome these hurdles, many materials, such as conductive polymers [2,[12][13][14][15][16], metal nanoparticles (Ag, Pd) [17][18][19], carbon fibers [20] and so on have been used as electrocatalysts, to accelerate the redox reactions of DMcT and provide a sufficient conductive pathway. However, these composite cathode materials do not have sufficient charge/discharge cyclability for practical application.…”

Electrochemical Energy Generation and Storage. Fuel Cells and Lithium-Ion Batteries

“…37 Specifically, we have demonstrated that the redox reactions of 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole (DMcT, in the text, we will use DMcT to denote all forms present independent of oxidation state and/or state of protonation), one of the most promising organosulfur compounds as a cathode electroactive material, are dramatically accelerated by the conducting polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT)-modified glassy carbon electrodes (GCEs) in organic media such as acetonitrile (AN) and propylene carbonate (PC) (Scheme 1). 42,49 Doubly protonated DMcT (DMcT-2H), which possesses two thiol groups, is oxidized to form a disulfide polymer by a two-electron process upon electrochemical oxidation, providing a theoretical capacity of 362 A h kg À1 . 36 PEDOT, a polythiophene derivative, has been the subject of numerous studies because of its potential utility in a wide range of applications.…”

“…49 Cut-off potentials for charging and discharging reactions were set at 3.7 and 2.0 V (vs. Li/Li þ ), respectively. A prototype lithium-battery cell was fabricated with a PDMcT/PEDOT composite cathode, a lithium-metal anode, polyolefin porous films (for separators), current collectors (carbon-coated aluminum for the cathode and copper for the anode), and Teflon-coated metal plates.…”

“…PDMcT and PEDOT were obtained by the chemical polymerization of DMcT and EDOT monomers by using iodine and copper(II) tetrafluoroborate, respectively, as oxidizing agents. 49 Figure 12a presents potential profiles for the first charge/discharge cycle for a PDMcT/PEDOT (1:1 mol ratio) composite cathode in a EC:DEC (1:3 wt % ratio) solution containing 1.0 M LiBF 4 . At the first discharge process, the composite cathode exhibited 205 A h kg À1 (based on the electroactive mass) with a potential plateau at 2.8 V vs. Li/Li þ (corresponding to 574 W h kg À1 of energy density) due to the electrocatalytic reduction of PDMcT.…”

Catalysis of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-Pt(hkl) electrodes towards 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole in 1-ethyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide

“…They also evaluated some strategies to diminish the dissolution of DMcT from the cathode which affects the cyclability in rechargeable lithium batteries. One of them was the formation of a poly[dithio-2,5-(1,3,4-thiadiazole)](PDMcT)-poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)(PEDOT) composite [6] which showed an energy density similar to the one of the commercial lithium batteries. Also, they studied a chemically modified PEDOT with DMcT moieties to form a hybrid cathode [10] and found an improvement of the capacity retention although the yield of chemical modification is low.…”