Poly(Butylene Succinate) Hybrid Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube/Iron Oxide Nanocomposites: Electromagnetic Shielding and Thermal Properties

Abstract

To address the ever-increasing electromagnetic interference (EMI) pollution, a hybrid filler approach for novel composites was chosen, with a focus on EMI absorbance. Carbon nanofiller loading was limited to 0.6 vol.% in order to create a sustainable and affordable solution. Multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles were mixed in nine ratios from 0.1 to 0.6 vol.% and 8.0 to 12.0 vol.%, respectively. With the addition of surfactant, excellent particle dispersion was achieved (examined with SEM micrographs) in a bio-based and biodegradable poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) matrix. Hybrid design synergy was assessed for EMI shielding using dielectric spectroscopy in the microwave region and transmittance in the terahertz range. The shielding effectiveness (20–52 dB) was dominated by very high absorption at 30 GHz, while in the 0.1 to 1.0 THz range, transmittance was reduced by up to 6 orders of magnitude. Frequency-independent AC electrical conductivity (from 10−2 to 107 Hz) was reached upon adding 0.6 vol.% MWCNT and 10 vol.% Fe3O4, with a value of around 3.1 × 10−2 S/m. Electrical and thermal conductivity were mainly affected by the content of MWCNT filler. The thermal conductivity scaled with the filler content and reached the highest value of 0.309 W/(mK) at 25 °C with the loading of 0.6 vol.% MWCNT and 12 vol.% Fe3O4. The surface resistivity showed an incremental decrease with an increase in MWCNT loading and was almost unaffected by an increase in iron oxide loading. Thermal conductivity was almost independent of temperature in the measured range of 25 to 45 °C. The nanocomposites serve as biodegradable alternatives to commodity plastic-based materials and are promising in the field of electromagnetic applications, especially for EMI shielding.

Three Dimensionally Printed Biobased Electrodes: Ionic Liquid and Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Hybrids in a Vegetable Oil Matrix for Soft Robotics

“…The fitted percolation threshold from measured data was approximated according to classic percolation theory, using eq : σ = σ 0 false( φ − φ c false) t where σ is the conductivity of the sample, σ 0 is the approximated filler conductivity, φ is the filler concentration, φ c is the percolation threshold, and t is the critical exponent used to evaluate the dimensionality of the system. Commonly, t is 1.33 for a 2D percolated system and equal to or higher than that for a 3D percolated system.…”

“…Next, the SWCNT/IL mixture was transferred to the ARO/HPMA mixture and ultrasonicated for 15 min in an ice-water bath to prevent overheating and curing. Commonly, high amounts of organic solvents are used to homogenize the CNT within the compositions; 21 however, in this work, solvents were avoided (eliminated) during resin preparation to benefit eco-friendliness. As the last step, PI was added in a ratio of 3 to 100 (w/w) to the biobased resin.…”

Optimization of CoFe2O4 nanoparticles and graphite fillers to endow thermoplastic polyurethane nanocomposites with superior electromagnetic interference shielding performance

“…It was noticed that with a further increase in the wt% of CoFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles and, consequently, a decrease in the wt% of graphite in the nanocomposite, the value of s ac didn't increase which can be associated with developing a percolation network at the optimum wt% for the GF15-TPU nanocomposite. 70,71 As the concentration of CoFe 2 O 4 was further increased, there might be a decrease in the formation of conducting channels owing to the reduction of the graphite particles. 72 Due to the high concentration of CoFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles inside the TPU matrix, the separation between the graphite particles might increase.…”

Achieving Excellent Dielectric and Energy Storage Performance in Core-Double-Shell-Structured Polyetherimide Nanocomposites

“…Therefore, the development of dielectric materials that exhibit high-temperature durability, high energy storage density, and efficient charge–discharge performance is of paramount importance. The utilization of composite materials, which amalgamate the advantages of inorganic and organic constituents, has attracted considerable attention and holds promising prospects in the electrical and electronic industries [ 10 , 11 , 12 ]. Two primary methodologies are employed in the fabrication of high-performance dielectric composites.…”