Poly(amino acid)-based nanogel by horseradish peroxidase catalyzed crosslinking in an inverse miniemulsion

Nanogel Functionalization: A Versatile Approach To Meet the Challenges of Drug and Gene Delivery

“…56−59 On the other hand, nanogels obtained by linking of polymer precursors are generally made of self-assembling amphiphilic or triblock copolymers or composed of polymers having different types of reactive sites that can be directly used in the formation of covalent bonds. This chemical cross-linking strategy includes a wide range of experimental pathways based on the principles of click chemistry, 60,61 thiol−disulfide exchange, 62−64 Schiff base reaction, 65,66 photo-or thermally induced cross-linking, 67,68 amide bond formation, 69,70 enzymemediated cross-linking, 71,72 catalyzed coupling, 73 and the chemistry of ketones, aldehydes, epoxides, or other groups. 74 Moreover, they can be used for the preparation of core−shell structures or micelles by tuning of the spatial organization of the molecules and the consequent interaction with external biomolecules.…”

“…As previously introduced, nanogel synthesis can be performed through chemical reaction, which concerns the heterogeneous polymerization of low-molecular-weight monomers or the cross-linking of polymer precursors. , The first strategy utilizes controlled/living radical polymerization with specific initiators or macroinitiators to prepare nanotools with different composition, dimensions, and architecture and to incorporate functional groups inside the network or on the surface, which in the end facilitate the multivalent bioconjugation. − On the other hand, nanogels obtained by linking of polymer precursors are generally made of self-assembling amphiphilic or triblock copolymers or composed of polymers having different types of reactive sites that can be directly used in the formation of covalent bonds. This chemical cross-linking strategy includes a wide range of experimental pathways based on the principles of click chemistry, , thiol–disulfide exchange, − Schiff base reaction, , photo- or thermally induced cross-linking, , amide bond formation, , enzyme-mediated cross-linking, , catalyzed coupling, and the chemistry of ketones, aldehydes, epoxides, or other groups . Moreover, they can be used for the preparation of core–shell structures or micelles by tuning of the spatial organization of the molecules and the consequent interaction with external biomolecules. − …”