Poly(1,3,4‐oxadiazoles). Effect of structure on polymer properties

Varma, I. K.; Geetha, C. K.

doi:10.1002/app.1978.070220210

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Although many efforts have been devoted to the study of the aforementioned polymers, less attention has been paid to another class of conjugated polymers, the poly( p ‐phenylene 1,3,4‐oxadiazole)s (PODs) that contain alternating p ‐phenylene units and 1,3,4‐oxadiazole rings 17, 18. The electronic properties of the 1,3,4‐oxadiazole ring are close to that of benzene 19–21. PODs introduce excellent mechanical properties and thermal and thermooxidative resistance, with the possibility to obtain them from the more soluble and processable precursors, the polyhydrazides (PHZs) 22–26…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unsaturated alkoxy‐substituted poly(p‐phenylene 1,3,4‐oxadiazole)s: Synthesis and chemical–physical characterization

Capitani

Laurienzo

Malinconico

et al. 2003

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

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A new series of alkoxy-substituted poly(p-phenylene 1,3,4-oxadiazole)s modified by the insertion of small percentages of various comonomers were synthesized through the precursor polyhydrazides. The comonomers used contained trans double bonds or meta-alkoxy-substituted aromatic rings to improve the solubility of the final polymers. The synthesized copolymers were chemically characterized by 1 H NMR and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. In some cases, the copolymers really showed improved solubility in organic solvents. The 15 N solid-state NMR technique was applied to examine the degree of conversion from the precursor polyhydrazides to the final polymers, which determined the effective conjugated length in the target polyoxadiazoles. Thermal stability and structural characteristics of all the polymers as well as a preliminary investigation on the optical properties of polyoxadiazoles are also reported. The copolymers retained high absorbance in the UV region and high transmission in the whole telecommunication range.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unsaturated alkoxy‐substituted poly(p‐phenylene 1,3,4‐oxadiazole)s: Synthesis and chemical–physical characterization

Capitani

Laurienzo

Malinconico

et al. 2003

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

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“…The alternating copolymers were prepared by the Wittig condensation polymerization between the oxadiazole unit and the carbazole unit. The oxadiazole unit was known to be an electron-transporting material as well as thermally, hydrolytically, and photolytically stable material. − The carbazole unit was also known as a hole-transporting and electroluminescent material. − In addition, we designed well-defined conjugated polymers by the kink structure for short-wavelength light-emitting polymers (blue and green emission). We synthesized poly[(2,5-di-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole)-4-diylvinylene- alt -3,6-(9-(2-ethylhexyl)-carbazolenevinylene)] (PPOX-CAR) and poly[(2,5-di-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole)-3-diylvinylene- alt -3,6-(9-(2-ethylhexyl)-carbazolenevinylene)] (PMOX-CAR) through the Wittig condensation polymerization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The oxadiazole unit was known to be an electron-transporting material as well as thermally, hydrolytically, and photolytically stable material. [19][20][21][22][23][24] The carbazole unit was also known as a hole-transporting and electroluminescent material. [25][26][27] In addition, we designed welldefined conjugated polymers by the kink structure for short-wavelength light-emitting polymers (blue and green emission).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Efficient Light-Emitting Polymers Composed of Both Hole and Electron Affinity Units in the Conjugated Main Chain

Song¹,

Jang²,

Shim³

et al. 1999

Macromolecules

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Two new fully conjugated alternating copolymers containing both carbazole and oxadiazole units were prepared through the Wittig condensation polymerization (carbazole units were linked with oxadiazole units by meta and para). The polymers with the para linkage (PPOX−CAR) and the meta linkage (PMOX−CAR) in the main chain were soluble in common organic solvents and thermally stable on heating (the weight loss was less than 5% on heating to about 400 °C under nitrogen atmosphere). The maximum photoluminescence and the electroluminescence wavelengths of PPOX−CAR and PMOX−CAR were varied from 495 nm in the greenish-blue emission region to 450 nm in the blue emission region depending on the kink structure. The turn-on voltages of PPOX-CAR and PMOX-CAR were 7.5 and 10.5 V, respectively, when the single-layer light-emitting diodes of Al/PPOX-CAR or PMOX-CAR/ITO glass were fabricated. The maximum brightness of the Al/PPOX-CAR/ITO single-layer device was 500 cd/m2 at 20 V.

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“…Bipolaron or dianion Fully conjugated main chain oxadiazole polymers have been widely studied as themally stable and high modular high strength materials (27)(28)(29)(30)(31). A pre-requisite for a polymer for application as an electron transporting or electroluminescent material, is solution processibility to form thin layers.…”

Section: N-n N-nmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Properties of Novel High-Electron-Affinity Polymers for Electroluminescent Devices

Grimsdale

Cervini

et al. 1997

ACS Symposium Series

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New conjugated polymers with high electron affinities for use in polymer light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have been synthesized, and their optical and electrochemical properties studied. Incorporation of electronwithdrawing trifluoromethyl substituents was found to markedly enhance the electron affinity of poly(p-phenylene vinylene) (PPV). Polymers incorporating electron-transporting oxadiazole units either in the main -chain or as side-chains have been prepared and evaluated as emissive and charge-transporting materials in LEDs. Copolymers have been made containing both emissive and charge-transporting units as side-chains. The electrochemical oxidation and reduction potentials of all these materials have been measured and compared with those of other conjugated polymers.Since the first report of polymer light-emitting devices (LEDs) using poly(pphenylene vinylene) (PPV) as an emissive layer (1), much progress has been achieved in the understanding of the physics and materials chemistry of LEDs, and also in the search for new electroluminescent polymers. Colors ranging from infrared to violet can be achieved for polymer LEDs by using different emissive polymers. A variety of emissive polymers, such as substituted poly(phenylene vinylene) (2,3),poly(3-alkylthiophene) (4,5) and polyphenylene derivatives (6-8) have been described. These polymers are usually sandwiched between a transparent layer of indium-tin oxide (ITO) and a metal electrode. Singlet excitons are formed under double charge injection and decay radiatively to produce light emission at a wavelength in accordance with the band gap energy of the emissive polymers. Electron Injection and Charge Transport in Polymer Light Emitting DevicesIn addition to the considerable advances in the tuning of emission colors of polymeric LEDs, recent attention has focussed on improving the efficiency of devices. In order

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Poly(1,3,4‐oxadiazoles). Effect of structure on polymer properties

Cited by 11 publications

References 5 publications

Unsaturated alkoxy‐substituted poly(p‐phenylene 1,3,4‐oxadiazole)s: Synthesis and chemical–physical characterization

Unsaturated alkoxy‐substituted poly(p‐phenylene 1,3,4‐oxadiazole)s: Synthesis and chemical–physical characterization

Highly Efficient Light-Emitting Polymers Composed of Both Hole and Electron Affinity Units in the Conjugated Main Chain

Synthesis and Properties of Novel High-Electron-Affinity Polymers for Electroluminescent Devices

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