Poloxamer 407 and Hyaluronic Acid Thermosensitive Hydrogel-Encapsulated Ginsenoside Rg3 to Promote Skin Wound Healing

Abstract

Ginsenoside Rg3 has shown beneficial effects in various skin diseases. The current interest in designing and developing hydrogels for biomedical applications continues to grow, inspiring the further development of drug-loaded hydrogels for tissue repair and localized drug delivery. The aim of the present study was to develop an effective and safe hydrogel (Rg3-Gel), using ginsenoside Rg3, and we evaluated the wound-healing potential and therapeutic mechanism of Rg3-Gel. The results indicated that the optimized Rg3-Gel underwent discontinuous phase transition at low and high temperatures. Rg3-Gel also exhibited good network structures, swelling water retention capacity, sustainable release performance, and excellent biocompatibility. Subsequently, the good antibacterial and antioxidant properties of Rg3-Gel were confirmed by in vitro tests. In full-thickness skin defect wounded models, Rg3-Gel significantly accelerated the wound contraction, promoted epithelial and tissue regeneration, and promoted collagen deposition and angiogenesis. In addition, Rg3-Gel increased the expression of autophagy proteins by inhibiting the MAPK and NF-KB pathways in vivo. It simultaneously regulated host immunity by increasing the abundance of beneficial bacteria and the diversity of the wound surface flora. From these preliminary evaluations, it is possible to conclude that Rg3-Gel has excellent application potential in wound-healing drug delivery systems.

Immunomodulatory Hydrogels: Advanced Regenerative Tools for Diabetic Foot Ulcer

“…[14,62b,102] Findings from Peng et al show that poloxamer 407/hyaluronic acid hydrogel complex releases ginsenoside Rg3 to trigger collagen deposition and angiogenesis, and the inner mechanism might be attributed to the drug-induced HIF-1α/VEGF The hydrogel decreases the level of reactive nitrogen species and mitochondrial ROS - [63] Heparin, hyaluronic acid axis activation. [103] Other bioactive molecules like growth factors, energy metabolic products, and metallic compounds have been indicated to be loaded in hydrogels to evoke immune suppression and enhance ECs proliferation and migration, then resulting in wound repair acceleration. [91a,104] Moreover, there is evidence suggesting that hydrogel systems carrying adipose-derived stem cells, MSC-derived exosomes or engineered macrophages display pro-regenerative effects on wound sites, which to some extent is associated with angiogenesis enhancement caused by encapsulated agents-derived pro-proliferative cytokines.…”

Recent progress in thermosensitive hydrogels and their applications in drug delivery area

“…Ondansetron hydrochloride Nausea and Vomiting [126] Poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) Insulin Nasal absorption [127] Rectal PEG-PCL-PEG Paclitaxel PTX Breast cancer [137] Chitosan/Glycerophosphate Indocyanine tumor [138] Chitosan/Glycerophosphate Doxorubicin DOX Hepatoma [139] Poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) PLGA Paclitaxel PTX Mammary tumor [140] Hydroxyapatite/Pluronic F127 Doxorubicin DOX/Docetaxel DOC Colorectal carcinoma [141] Chitosan Disulfiram (DSF) Cancer cells [142,143] PLGA-PEG-PLGA Doxorubicin (DOX) & cyclodextrin CD-curcumin Osteosarcoma [143,144] Cell loaded DDS Pluronic and PLGA-PEG-PLGA Salinomycin glioblastoma [144,145] PLGA-PEG-PLGA Bee venom peptide inflammation [145] PEG-PLGA-PEG TGF-b1 gene Diabetic wound healing [146] PECT copolymer Nano micelles Cancer [147] PLGA-PEG-PLGA Periodontal stem cells Alveolar bone defects [148] Multiple polymers liposome Sustained drug delivery [149] Poloxamer 407 and Hyaluronic Acid Ginsenoside Rg3 Skin Wound Healing [150] Chitosan-SA sodium alginate-α, β-glycerophosphate.…”

Marine Biomaterials: Hyaluronan

“…Additionally, the hydrogel can increase protein accumulation in the wound area and allow for greater air permeability than a typical wound covering. It also has been found to be effective in isolating skin wounds from bacterial invasion, which can help reduce the risk of infection and promote faster healing [ 151 , 152 ].…”