Pollution Treatment, Remediation and Sensing

Sugunan, Abhilash; Dutta, Joydeep

doi:10.1002/9783527628155.nanotech013

Cited by 20 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…Among the drastic consequences of population explosion is the increasing contamination of drinking water resources and the century old water disinfection technique, i.e. chlorination has been found to lead to the formation of harmful disinfection byproducts (Sugunan and Dutta 2008). Research studies have shown that reaction of chlorine anions (Cl -) with organic materials suspended in water, result in the production of potentially carcinogenic by-products such as trihalomethanes and haloacetic acids (Gopal et al 2007;Sadiq and Rodriguez 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogeneous photocatalysis for removal of microbes from water

et al. 2011

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Increasing water pollution by microbes has become a source of serious health concern across the globe. Production of potentially carcinogenic disinfection byproducts has marred credibility of traditional water purification techniques like chlorination. Photocatalysis has emerged as a promising alternative technique for the disinfection of water with minimal risk of harmful by-products. The process involves a wide band gap semiconductor material which, upon irradiation of light, produces electrons and holes with high redox potential to degrade organic contaminants and microbes. In this review, we analyze the research trends in photocatalytic inactivation of water borne microorganisms. This report analyzes the major factors that affect the disinfection efficiency using this process. The discussion also includes plausible mechanisms of microbial degradation as well as a kinetic model of the inactivation process. Different approaches, like doping of semiconductors or energy band engineering or plasmon coupling, have been reported for the enhancement and utilization of ambient solar light. Photocatalysis could be a cost-effective and environmentally friendly water purification technique though further research is required to enhance its efficiency with the use of solar light.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogeneous photocatalysis for removal of microbes from water

et al. 2011

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“…The production level of food grains is of concern as it has been showing a downward trend over the last decade. Further, extensive use of persistent chemical pesticides to boost agriculture production has also adversely affected our ecosystem and is known to have contaminated ground water [2,3]. Similarly, industrialization is leading to increase in per capita consumption of available natural resources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, industrialization is leading to increase in per capita consumption of available natural resources. Out of 1,386 million cubic kilometers (km 3 ) of water on Earth, 97% is saline and 99.7% of the freshwater is trapped in ice caps and glaciers, or found in groundwater (one third). Only about 0.1 million km 3 of water is above ground in lakes, swamps and rivers, and about 13,000 km 3 in the atmosphere [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nanostructured Zinc Oxide for Water Treatment

Baruah¹,

Pal²,

Dutta

2012

NANOASIA

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141

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Environmental pollution and industrialization on a global scale have drawn attention to the vital need for developing new hygienically friendly purification technologies. Existing wastewater treatment technologies demand high capital investment and operation & maintenance cost, and large area. Cost-effective treatment of pollutants requires the transformation of hazardous substances into benign forms and the subsequent development of effective risk management strategies from harmful effects of pollutants that are highly toxic, persistent, and difficult to treat. Application of nanotechnology that results in improved water treatment options might include removal of the finest contaminants from water (< 300 nm) and "smart materials" or "reactive surface coatings" with engineered specificity to a certain pollutant that destroy, transform or immobilize toxic compounds. Nanomaterials have been gaining increasing interest in the area of environmental remediation mainly due to their enhanced surface and also other specific changes in their physical, chemical and biological properties that develop due to size effects. Heterogeneous photocatalytic systems via metal oxide semiconductors like TiO 2 and ZnO, are capable of operating effectively and efficiently for waste water treatment which has been discussed along with other nanotechnology routes that can be useful for water treatments. Multifunctional photocatalytic membranes using ZnO nanostructures are considered advantageous over freely suspended nanoparticles due to the ease of its removal from the purified water. A short discussion on the study of charge transfer mechanisms during photocatalytic reactions has also been included.

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“…P HOTOCHEMICAL properties of ZnO, particularly the photocatalysis of organic compounds in water is receiving recent attention due to the severe ecological impact of various industrial and agricultural pollutants in water bodies. 1 The use of metal oxides as photocatalysts for such applications is attractive mainly due to the relatively simple photodecomposition process and their capacity to convert a large number of organic pollutant molecules into less harmful compounds. 2 Although TiO 2 (mostly anatase phase) has been extensively studied as effective photocatalyst, recently ZnO has been shown to be more effective than TiO 2 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radially Oriented ZnO Nanowires on Flexible Poly‐l‐Lactide Nanofibers for Continuous‐Flow Photocatalytic Water Purification

Sugunan

Guduru

Uheida

et al. 2010

Journal of the American Ceramic Society

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Several oxide ceramics, notably ZnO and TiO2 are known to catalyze decomposition of organic molecules in water under ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. Here we describe fabrication of highly flexible ZnO‐based hierarchical nanostructure obtained by growing radially oriented ZnO nanowires on poly‐l‐lactide nanofibers. Utilizing the flexibility and high surface area of polymeric nanofibers as novel substrate for growth of the photochemically active ZnO nanowires we show a proof‐of‐principle demonstration of a continuous flow water treatment setup. We have monitored photocatalytic decomposition of known organic pollutants, such as methylene blue, monocrotophos, and diphenylamine under illumination with UV light using this highly flexible hierarchical nanostructure.

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Pollution Treatment, Remediation and Sensing

Cited by 20 publications

References 95 publications

Heterogeneous photocatalysis for removal of microbes from water

Heterogeneous photocatalysis for removal of microbes from water

Nanostructured Zinc Oxide for Water Treatment

Radially Oriented ZnO Nanowires on Flexible Poly‐l‐Lactide Nanofibers for Continuous‐Flow Photocatalytic Water Purification

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