Pollution haven or halo effect? A comparative analysis of developing and developed countries

benzerrouk, Zakia; Abid, Mehdi; Sekrafi, Habib

doi:10.1016/j.egyr.2021.07.076

Cited by 58 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…These gaps can be a blessing or a curse on the environment of African countries. In their halo and haven hypothesis, Benzerrouk et al (2021) found that global investment and foreign economic trade within a country could provide more support for green practices and environmental sustainability, thereby promoting low carbon emissions.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, the correlation between investments and CO 2 pollutants has also been confirmed by Namahoro et al (2021). Benzerrouk et al (2021) found that foreign international investment (FDI) minimizes carbon emissions in emerging markets. However, a negative relationship between FDI flow and CO 2 emissions was found by Mohmmed et al (2019).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A meta-analysis of the economic impact of carbon emissions in Africa

Rajkoomar

Marimuthu

Naicker

et al. 2022

Environmental Economics

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The economic impact of carbon emissions in Africa is gaining traction in the extant literature. This study adopted Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) to concomitantly track data on carbon emissions versus economic growth in Africa from 2018 to 2022 providing evidence from a meta-analysis. Through database searches, 591 publications were identified. A machine learning algorithm called Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) was used as a visualization technique for reporting trends in the eleven papers selected for the analysis. Identifying, evaluating, and summarizing the findings of all relevant individual studies conducted in Africa on the impact of economic growth on carbon emissions contributes to the existing body of knowledge. This study fills a critical gap by surveying the studies conducted in Africa in the last five years, implying that economic growth negatively and significantly triggers CO2 emissions in Africa. The debate on the economic impact of CO2 emissions in Africa, the most vulnerable continent to climate change, is elucidated. The findings tracked sources of data for carbon emissions in Africa. The results showed that although some studies reported a positive correlation (and some a negative correlation) between economic growth and carbon emissions, most studies concur that the economic impact of carbon emissions over a timeline can be explained by the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis. Therefore, there is a dire need for African countries to strengthen economic growth without deteriorating their environment or having ecological footprint. Future research must assess whether this trend on the economic impact of carbon emissions in Africa continues. AcknowledgmentThe authors express their appreciation to the Durban University of Technology for providing the resources to conduct this study.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

A meta-analysis of the economic impact of carbon emissions in Africa

Rajkoomar

Marimuthu

Naicker

et al. 2022

Environmental Economics

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“…The strict environmental policies implemented by the EU increase the cost of producing environmentally harmful products in the European continent compared to clean products (Benzerrouk et al, 2021). In this case, products that require high energy consumption in their production are increasingly being produced outside the EU and then imported into this region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nexus Between Trading Non-Green Products and Environment: Introducing Non-Green Trade Openness Index

Can¹,

Oluç

Sturm

et al. 2022

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Trade is a significant parameter that may impact environment positively or negatively. However, there is no consensus on this issue among the researchers. It seems likely that tradable products will affect the environmental quality level. However, this requires the separation of the international trade basket. Thus, this research asks whether trade in non-green products affects the level of environmental degradation in the 25 European Union (EU) member states? To answer this question, we develop an index of trade openness in non-green products and empirically investigate whether this index influences the ecological footprint. Non-green trade openness index represents the ratio of the total export and import of non-green products in a country’s international trade basket to that country’s Gross Domestic Product. Advanced panel estimation techniques are employed for a sample of 25 EU countries over the period between 2003 and 2016. The core finding–supporting the Pollution Haven Hypothesis–is that non-green trade openness reduces environmental degradation. We discuss several implications of this result for recent environmental policies, particularly for the EU climate policy.

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“…As economic cooperation strengthens, less developed countries will become the pollution heaven of developed countries. Developed countries might invest in polluting industries or shift polluting industries into developing countries and obtain profits from that (Benzerrouk et al, 2021;Caetano et al, 2022). Simultaneously, the report released by World Wildlife Fund showed that the BRI overlapped with over 1700 Important Bird Areas or Key Biodiversity and 46 biodiversity hotspots or Global 200 ecoregions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The BRI increased foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows in countries along the Belt and Road (Jin et al, 2021). Moreover, investment impacted the environmental quality and green development (Mahadevan and Sun, 2020;Benzerrouk et al, 2021;Xu et al, 2021b) according to Pollution Halo Hypothesis and Pollution Haven Hypothesis. Based on those, this paper tries to explain the mechanism of the BRI on environmental quality from FDI and compare the differences in the mechanism among different countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The environmental effects of regional economic cooperation: Evidence from the Belt and Road Initiative

Chen

et al. 2022

Front. Environ. Sci.

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China’s Belt and Road Initiative is a significant regional economic cooperation. This paper uses the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) as a quasi-natural experiment to investigate the impact of regional economic cooperation on environmental quality. Using difference-in-differences (DID) and a series of robustness checks, we find that regional economic cooperation like BRI deteriorates environmental quality in countries along the Belt and Road. The main reason is that the improving effects on environmental quality in the BRI countries are smaller than in the non-BRI countries after the BRI. The ecological impacts of the BRI exist differences in different countries. The results show that the BRI improves environmental quality in South Asia, and Europe and Central Asia. However, the BRI negatively affects environmental quality in East Asia and Pacific, developing and non-OECD countries. We found that, unlike the BRI, the Green BRI improves environmental quality in countries along the Belt and Road. We also discuss the mechanism of the BRI on environmental quality from foreign direct investment (FDI).

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Pollution haven or halo effect? A comparative analysis of developing and developed countries

Cited by 58 publications

References 57 publications

A meta-analysis of the economic impact of carbon emissions in Africa

A meta-analysis of the economic impact of carbon emissions in Africa

Nexus Between Trading Non-Green Products and Environment: Introducing Non-Green Trade Openness Index

The environmental effects of regional economic cooperation: Evidence from the Belt and Road Initiative

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