Pollutants of Wastewater Characteristics in Textile Industries

Abstract

Textile Industry is one of the most important and largest industrial sectors in Pakistan. It has a high importance in terms of its environment impact, since it consumes large quantity of textile industrial processed water and produces highly polluted discharge water. The textile industry uses high volume of water throughout its operation, from the washing of fibers to bleaching, mercerizing, dyeing, printing and washing of finished products. A process data collection was performed and integrated with a characterization of the process effluents in terms of treatability and reusability. In order to evaluate properly the wastewater loading, on analysis course was set. The samples were collected during four months period of time i.e. November, December, January and February 2009-2010 from the seven samples were collected from different textile mills and analyzed for various parameters such as Total Dissolved Solids(TDS), Chemical Oxygen Demand(COD), Biochemical Oxygen demand(BOD), pH, Electrical Conductivity(EC), and heavy metals like Cadmium(Cd), Chromium(Cr), Copper(Cu), Iron(Fe), Manganese(Mn), Nickel(Ni), Potassium(K), Phosphorous(P), Sodium(Na), Sulphur(S), Zinc(Zn) were found in within the limits. Concentrations of all these metal ions in the effluent were above the recommended NEQS. It was therefore concluded that textile effluents were highly polluted.

Characterization of textile dyeing effluent and its treatment using polyaluminum chloride

“…The results shows that the BOD value of Ef1, Ef2, and Ef3 were 272, 117, and 197 mg/L, respectively, obtained before treatment (Table 5). This observation was found to be similar to the study conducted by Imtiazuddin et al (2012). After treatment, the BOD values were 83.45, 75.21 and 76.14% for Ef1, Ef2, and Ef3, respectively.…”

“…Table 1 shows that the pH of textile effluent samples varied from 6.70 to 8.10 with a mean value of 7.48 indicating the alkalinity of the effluent samples. The results were similar to the study conducted by Imtiazuddin et al (2012). The pH was found to be neutral range after treating the samples with PAC.…”

“…The results showed that the TDS of the effluents was found higher indicating the discharged effluents have the potential to deteriorate the surface water quality and aquatic life as well. A similar observation was made by Imtiazuddin et al (2012). The highest level of TDS was found in the EF1, which was collected from Norsindi area indicated that the area is severally polluted compared to the other two areas.…”

Degradation Pattern of Textile Effluent by Using Bio and Sono Chemical Reactor

“…Textile industry effluent contains large number of harmful agents such as chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD), suspended particles, dissolved solid particles, chemicals, color and metals (zinc (Zn), arsenic (As), copper (Cu) and, chromium (Cr)) which causes harm to humans and environment [5]. Coloring release contains a composite blend of colors, salts, and further synthetics, for example, surfactants and about 90% of the color and 80% of the salts are released in effluent [6].…”

Treatment of Combined Acid Black 48 and Coffee Wastewater by Low-Cost Adsorbents

“…Synthetic dyes use an enormous amount of surface water for processing and pre-treatment. Textile industries primarily use a large amount of water for washing, dyeing, and leaching purposes producing wastewater (Bharti et al, 2013;Imtiazuddin et al, 2012;Sultana et al, 2013). Discharge of dye wastewater from industries can pollute surface water streams.…”