Pollination Syndromes of New World<i>Salvia</i>Species with Special Reference to Bird Pollination<sup>1</sup>

Wester, Petra; Claßen‐Bockhoff, Regine

doi:10.3417/2007035

Cited by 73 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 100 publications

(47 reference statements)

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Section: Introductionunclassified

“…En particular, existen especies mexicanas que merecen atención por su uso, como la chía (Salvia hispanica L.), por su alto valor nutritivo (Cahill 2003), y la ska pastora (Salvia divinorum Epling & Játiva), por su efecto psicoactivo (Wasson 1962, Reisfield 1993, Maqueda et al 2015. Cabe mencionar que el papel de Lamiaceae dentro de las comunidades vegetales es muy relevante dada su interacción con diversos polinizadores y por constituir un elemento, por lo general, abundante o dominante (Huck 1992, Davis et al 1994, Claßen-Bockhoff 2007, Wester & Claßen-Bockhoff 2011.En la República Mexicana, Lamiaceae presenta una riqueza considerable en la mayoría de sus tipos de vegetación; se ha adaptado muy bien a las regiones con climas templados y húme-dos, aunque también existe un número significativo de especies que prosperan en zonas secas, con temperaturas relativamente altas. Algunos de sus linajes son endémicos del país o se han diversificado en éste, lo que subyace a la representación amplia de la familia en México, en particular, la de Salvia subgénero Calosphace.…”

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Lamiaceae de México

et al. 2017

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ResumenAntecedentes: Lamiaceae es una de las familias con mayor riqueza de especies en México. Sin embargo, aún se carece de un estudio detallado sobre su diversidad en el país y de una revisión taxonómica global y actualizada. Como resultado, el aprovechamiento y conservación de los integrantes de esta familia es limitado. Preguntas: ¿Qué avances se han logrado en el estudio y entendimiento de la riqueza, endemismo y distribución de las Lamiaceae mexicanas? ¿Qué estrategias deben ejecutarse para consolidar el conocimiento de la familia en el país? Taxon: Lamiaceae Sitio de estudio: México Métodos: Se hizo una revisión exhaustiva de las Lamiaceae mexicanas en la literatura, bases de datos y herbarios. Se sintetizó el estado de su conocimiento. Se aplicaron análisis cuantitativos para evaluar su riqueza, endemismo y distribución geográfica. Resultados: México cuenta con 33 géneros y 598 especies, de las cuales el 66.2 % son endémicas. El género más diverso es Salvia, con 306 especies. El estado más diverso es Oaxaca, mientras que Jalisco alberga el mayor número de especies endémicas. Conclusiones: En México, Lamiaceae es la octava familia más diversa y el número de sus especies representa el 5.5 % de la familia a nivel mundial, por lo que el país puede considerarse uno de los centros de diversificación más importante. Debido a lo anterior, y al endemismo elevado que presenta, México es crucial para la conservación in situ de la familia. Si bien se ha logrado un avance considerable de su conocimiento y en la actualidad hay un repunte en su estudio, es necesario diversificar los campos de investigación. Palabras clave: distribución geográfica, endemismo, Lamiaceae mexicanas, riqueza florística. AbstractBackground: Lamiaceae is one of the most species-rich families in Mexico. However, a detailed treatment on its diversity and an updated comprehensive taxonomic review for the country are still lacking. As a result, the use and conservation of the members of Lamiaceae is limited. Questions: Which advances have been achieved on the study and understanding of the Mexican Lamiaceae in terms of richness, endemism and distribution? Which strategies should be applied to enhance the knowledge of Lamiaceae in Mexico? Taxon: Lamiaceae Study site: Mexico Methods: A thorough review of Mexican Lamiaceae in the literature, databases and herbaria was conducted. The state of knowledge of the family was summarized. Quantitative analyses were performed to assess its richness, endemism and geographical distribution. Results: Mexico embraces 33 genera and 598 species of Lamiaceae, with an endemism proportion of 66.2 %. The most diverse genus is Salvia, with 306 species. Oaxaca is the state encompassing the highest richness, whereas Jalisco harbors the highest amount of endemic species. Conclusions: In Mexico Lamiaceae is the eighth most species-rich family, with a number of species equivalent to 5.5 % of all Lamiaceae worldwide; hence the country is one of the most relevant diversification centers for the family. The high species richne...

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Section: Introductionunclassified

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Lamiaceae de México

et al. 2017

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“…Salvia mexicana and S. purpurea are highly variable species [21], and can be pollinated by both bees and hummingbirds. Our field observations, however, confirmed that hummingbirds were the main pollinators of S. mexicana at our study site (electronic supplementary material, table S2).…”

Section: Materials and Methods (A) Study Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An ideal system to test this hypothesis is the clade of Neotropical Salvia species, which has distinct bee and hummingbird pollination syndromes. Bee pollination is ancestral in this group, and evolution towards ornithophily includes modifications in length, colour and shape of the corolla, nectar guides, nectar quantity and composition, and in the lever mechanism of anthers [21]. During the evolutionary transition from bee to hummingbird pollination, the signal-reward correlations should have simultaneously experienced adaptive changes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The evolution of signal–reward correlations in bee- and hummingbird-pollinated species ofSalvia

et al. 2014

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Within-individual variation in floral advertising and reward traits is a feature experienced by pollinators that visit different flowers of the same plant. Pollinators can use advertising traits to gather information about the quality and amount of rewards, leading to the evolution of signal-reward correlations. As long as plants differ in the reliability of their signals and pollinators base their foraging decisions on this information, natural selection should act on within-individual correlations between signals and rewards. Because birds and bees differ in their cognitive capabilities, and use different floral traits as signals, we tested the occurrence of adaptive divergence of the withinindividual signal-reward correlations among Salvia species that are pollinated either by bees or by hummingbirds. They are expected to use different floral advertising traits: frontal traits in the case of bees and side traits in the case of hummingbirds. We confirmed this expectation as bee-and hummingbird-pollinated species differed in which specific traits are predominantly associated with nectar reward at the within-individual level. Our findings highlight the adaptive value of within-individual variation and covariation patterns, commonly disregarded as 'environmental noise', and are consistent with the hypothesis that pollinator-mediated selection affects the correlation pattern among floral traits.

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“…These features, in addition to the size of the corolla, the lower lip slightly longer than the upper lip, and the presence of a functional lever mechanism, suggest that the new species fits into a melittophilous pollination syndrome (Wester & Claben-Bockhoff 2011). In Table 1, Salvia robertoana is compared with S. pennellii, which due to its morphological similarity is considered its most closely related species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salvia robertoana (Lamiaceae), a new species from Oaxaca, Mexico

2016

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A new species of Salvia belonging to Salvia sect. Penellia from the state of Oaxaca is here described and illustrated. Only two species are included within this section: S. pennelli and the new species, S. robertoana. Both species are perennial herbs, with a 3-veined upper calyx lip, included stamens in the galea, late deciduous bracts, corolla tube epapillate inside, pubescent style and violet flowers. However, S. robertoana is distinguished from S. pennellii by its larger, elliptic to elliptic-oblong leaf blades (vs. blades lanceolate, oblong-lanceolate to oblong ovate) with tomentulose upper surface and pale, tomentose lower surface, and shortly decurrent base; usually longer inflorescence and shorter corolla tube and lower lip. A comparative table and an identification key of Salvia sect. Pennellia are provided. ResumenUna nueva especie de Salvia perteneciente a Salvia sect. Penellia, del estado de Oaxaca, se describe e ilustra. Sólo dos especies se incluyen dentro de esta sección, S. pennelli y la nueva especie S. robertoana. Ambas especies son hierbas perennes, con el lóbulo superior del cáliz 3-nervado, estambres inclusos en la gálea, brácteas caducas tardíamente, el interior del tubo de la corola sin papilas, estilo pubescente y flores violeta. No obstante, S. robertoana se distingue de S. pennellii por sus láminas foliares más grandes, elípticas a oblongo-elípticas (vs. láminas lanceoladas, oblongo-lanceoladas a oblongo ovadas) con el haz tomentuloso y envés pálido, tomentoso, y base cortamente decurrente; inflorescencia usualmente más larga y tubo de la corola y labio inferior más cortos. Se presenta un cuadro comparativo y una clave de identificación para las especies de Salvia sect. Pennellia.

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Pollination Syndromes of New WorldSalviaSpecies with Special Reference to Bird Pollination¹

Cited by 73 publications

References 100 publications

Lamiaceae de México

Lamiaceae de México

The evolution of signal–reward correlations in bee- and hummingbird-pollinated species ofSalvia

Salvia robertoana (Lamiaceae), a new species from Oaxaca, Mexico

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Pollination Syndromes of New WorldSalviaSpecies with Special Reference to Bird Pollination1

Cited by 73 publications

References 100 publications

Lamiaceae de México

Lamiaceae de México

The evolution of signal–reward correlations in bee- and hummingbird-pollinated species ofSalvia

Salvia robertoana (Lamiaceae), a new species from Oaxaca, Mexico

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Pollination Syndromes of New WorldSalviaSpecies with Special Reference to Bird Pollination¹