Pollination by brood-site deception

Urru, Isabella; Stensmyr, Marcus C.; Hansson, Bill S.

doi:10.1016/j.phytochem.2011.02.014

Cited by 119 publications

(110 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…In contrast, Ceropegia achieves the same structure by congenital fusion and basal inflation of the corolla (Ollerton et al, 2009), while the genus Arum and related plants forgo floral tissues altogether and enclose their male and female florets within a highly modified bract (Bröderbauer et al, 2012;Meeuse and Raskin, 1988). As recognized by Vogel (1990), whose treatise on osmophores featured many examples from these lineages, floral scent can be highly chemically diverse among Ceropegia, Arum, Amorphophallus and other aroid lineages, including chemically mediated mimicry of carrion, herbivore and carnivore feces and rotting fruit/yeast (Kite et al, 1998;Stökl et al, 2010;Urru et al, 2011). One remarkable parallel to the niche described above for Aristolochia rotunda (pollination by kleptoparasitic flies) was described recently for Ceropegia dolichophylla, to which volatile spiroacetals attract…”

Section: Variations On a Floral Trapmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ceropegia, Apocynaceae) or inflorescences (e.g. Arum, Araceae) that utilize elaborate morphological, tactile, visual and chemical aspects to attract and trap their pollinators (Heiduk et al, 2015;Ollerton et al, 2009;Renner, 2006;Urru et al, 2011). Additionally, the morphological features of trap flowers can be subdivided into distinct spatial zones, for example, within vs. outside of the trapping chamber.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such compounds might include the oligosulfides (e.g. dimethyl trisulfide) characteristic of carrion-mimicry (Jürgens et al, 2013), indole and cresols present in fecal-mimicry Urru et al, 2011), or the short-chain alcohols, ketones and esters indicative of yeast/fermentation mimicry (Goodrich and Raguso, 2009). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatial and temporal variation in volatile composition suggests olfactory division of labor within the trap flowers of Aristolochia gigantea

Martin

Moré

Hipólito

et al. 2017

Flora

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Spatial and temporal variation in volatile composition suggests olfactory division of labor within the trap flowers of Aristolochia gigantea.Flora http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.flora. 2016.09.005 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. AbstractThe

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Section: Variations On a Floral Trapmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatial and temporal variation in volatile composition suggests olfactory division of labor within the trap flowers of Aristolochia gigantea

Martin

Moré

Hipólito

et al. 2017

Flora

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“…The volatiles in the odor were collected by s o l i d -p h a s e m i c r o e x t r a c t i o n , a n a l y z e d b y g a schromatography mass spectrometry, and shown to consist mainly of dimethyl disulfide and dimethyl trisulfide. These two volatiles are known from carrion and dung (Urru et al 2011;Jürgens et al 2013) as well as from carrion-mimicking flowers and stinkhorn fungus (Moré et al 2013;Pudil et al 2014) that may deter herbivores (Lev-Yadun et al 2009). While some carnivores such as vultures that feed on carrion have evolved specialized adaptations to counter high levels of potentially dangerous microbes in their diet (Roggenbuck et al 2014), other animals may have evolved behavioral aversions to odors of rotting tissue and feces to avoid bacterial infection (Brand et al 1988;Reed and Rocke 1992;Hussain et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Earwigs (Labidura riparia) mimic rotting-flesh odor to deceive vertebrate predators

Byers

2015

Sci Nat

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Many insects repel predators with caustic chemicals, while insects mimicking odors of wastes/dead insects to fool predators have not been documented. We found that the shore earwig, Labidura riparia (Dermaptera: Labiduridae) when bitten by anole lizards, Anolis carolinenesus, spits a rotting-flesh odor that deceives these insectivores into rejecting prey. Once a lizard attacked and rejected an earwig, the lizard did not attack another earwig during several weeks despite consuming other prey, indicating associative learning after one trial. The fetid odor was found in the head-prothorax containing salivary glands of both male and female earwigs and was comprised of ∼ 100 ng dimethyl disulfide and ∼ 600 ng dimethyl trisulfide. Nymphs had <5 ng of either compound. Adults also spit odorous sulfides after prolonged attacks by harvester ants, Pogonomyrmex rugosus, who were only deterred by the earwig's forceps. Sulfides released by the earwig are similar to odors of carrion/feces, which may be innately repulsive to some vertebrate predators. The mean initial discharge percentage (IDP) of sulfides from a cohort of earwigs was 62 %; however, IDPs of individuals were highly variable (3-99 %; mean 57 %). The discharge refill time (DRT) to refill 50 % of the earwig's allomone reservoir was estimated at 13 h. A positive relationship in sulfide amounts with body weight was found only in females in 2009, suggesting metabolic cost tradeoffs were revealed when sulfide content was half that in 2010. This is the first report of insects releasing sulfur-containing compounds that may mimic carrion-fecal odors as a deceptive defense against vertebrate predators.

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“…staminodes) delimitate a closed floral chamber (Boyce 1993). Another remarkable feature of Arum species is their ability to produce heat and odour during anthesis in order to attract and temporarily capture potential pollinators (Gibernau et al 2004;Urru et al 2011). Probably because of the substantial amount of energy involved both in the characteristic floral structure and in heat and odour production, a trend towards specificity in pollinator attraction is generally detected (Gibernau 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the relationship between pollination strategies and the size-advantage model in zoophilous plants using the reproductive biology of Arum cylindraceum and other European Arum species as case studies

Revel

Alvarez

Gibernau

et al. 2011

Arthropod-Plant Interactions

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The size-advantage model (SAM) explains the temporal variation of energetic investment on reproductive structures (i.e. male and female gametes and reproductive organs) in long-lived hermaphroditic plants and animals. It proposes that an increase in the resources available to an organism induces a higher relative investment on the most energetically costly sexual structures. In plants, pollination interactions are known to play an important role in the evolution of floral features. Because the SAM directly concerns flower characters, pollinators are expected to have a strong influence on the application of the model. This hypothesis, however, has never been tested. Here, we investigate whether the identity and diversity of pollinators can be used as a proxy to predict the application of the SAM in exclusive zoophilous plants. We present a new approach to unravel the dynamics of the model and test it on several widespread Arum (Araceae) species. By identifying the species composition, abundance and spatial variation of arthropods trapped in inflorescences, we show that some species (i.e. A. cylindraceum and A. italicum) display a generalist reproductive strategy, relying on the exploitation of a low number of dipterans, in contrast to the pattern seen in the specialist A. maculatum (pollinated specifically by two fly species only). Based on the model presented here, the application of the SAM is predicted for the first two and not expected in the latter species, those predictions being further confirmed by allometric measures. We here demonstrate that while an increase in the female zone occurs in larger inflorescences of generalist species, this does not happen in species demonstrating specific pollinators. This is the first time that this theory is both proposed and empirically tested in zoophilous plants. Its overall biological importance is discussed through its application in other non-Arum systems.

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Pollination by brood-site deception

Cited by 119 publications

References 93 publications

Spatial and temporal variation in volatile composition suggests olfactory division of labor within the trap flowers of Aristolochia gigantea

Spatial and temporal variation in volatile composition suggests olfactory division of labor within the trap flowers of Aristolochia gigantea

Earwigs (Labidura riparia) mimic rotting-flesh odor to deceive vertebrate predators

Investigating the relationship between pollination strategies and the size-advantage model in zoophilous plants using the reproductive biology of Arum cylindraceum and other European Arum species as case studies

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