Pollination and life history studies of lettuce (<i>Lactuca sativa</i>L.)

Jones, Howard A.

doi:10.3733/hilg.v02n13p425

Cited by 35 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The similarity in F STvalues among the nuclear and chloroplastic markers indicated that the nuclear genes were predominantly maternally inherited. This finding is not common for outcrossers, which confirms the high degree of self-fertilization ensured by the floral characteristics of L. serriola (Jones 1927;Lindqvist 1960a;De Vries 1990) and contrasts with experimental data showing significant hybridization levels with L. sativa (D'Andrea et al 2008).…”

Section: Breeding System and Population Dynamicscontrasting

confidence: 42%

Molecular Biogeography of Prickly Lettuce (Lactuca serriolaL.) Shows Traces of Recent Range Expansion

D’Andrea¹,

Meirmans²,

Wiel³

et al. 2016

JHERED

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Prickly lettuce (Lactuca serriola L., Asteraceae), a wild relative of cultivated lettuce, is an autogamous species which greatly expanded throughout Western and Northern Europe during the last 2 centuries. Here, we present a large-scale biogeographic genetic analysis performed on a dataset represented by 2622 individuals from 110 wild European populations. Thirty-two maternally inherited chloroplast RFLP-markers and 10 nuclear microsatellite loci were used. Microsatellites revealed low genetic variation and high inbreeding coefficients within populations, as well as strong genetic differentiation between populations, which was in accordance with the autogamous breeding system. Analysis of molecular variance based clustering indicated the presence of 3 population clusters, which showed strong geographical patterns. One cluster occupied United Kingdom and part of Northern Europe, and characterized populations with a single predominant genotype. The second mostly combined populations from Northern Europe, while the third cluster grouped populations particularly from Southern Europe. Kriging of gene diversity for L. serriola corroborated northwards and westwards spread from Central (Eastern) Europe. Significant lower genetic diversity characterized the newly colonized parts of the range compared to the historical ones, confirming the importance of founder effects. Stronger pattern of isolation by distance was assessed in the newly colonized areas than in the historical areas (Mantel's r = 0.20). In the newly colonized areas, populations at short geographic distances were genetically more similar than those in the historical areas. Our results corroborate the species' recent and rapid northward and westward colonization from Eastern Europe, as well as a decrease of genetic diversity in recently established populations.Subject area: Population structure and phylogeography

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Section: Breeding System and Population Dynamicscontrasting

confidence: 42%

Molecular Biogeography of Prickly Lettuce (Lactuca serriolaL.) Shows Traces of Recent Range Expansion

D’Andrea¹,

Meirmans²,

Wiel³

et al. 2016

JHERED

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“…Jones (1927), showed that bagged flowers of L. sativa had significantly less or no pollen grains on their inner stigmatic surfaces, compared to open-pollinated flowers. He concluded that crosspollination between plants may be much more frequent than was formerly supposed.…”

Section: Importance Of Pollinators For Gene Flow In Lettucementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both species are diploid, and their chromosome length and genetic background are equivalent (Koopman et al, 2001;Lindqvist, 1960a). Selffertility prevails in L. serriola (Mejias, 1994) and is commonly regarded as being complete in L. sativa (Jones, 1927).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybridization rates between lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and its wild relative (L. serriola) under field conditions

D’Andrea

Felber

Guadagnuolo

2008

Environ. Biosafety Res.

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. Progeny was screened morphologically for detecting natural hybrids. Prior to the experiment, specific RAPD markers were used to confirm that morphological characters were reliable for hybrid identification. Hybridization occurred up to the maximal distance tested (40 m), and hybridization rates varied between 0 to 26%, decreasing with distance. More than 80% of the wild plants produced at least one hybrid (incidence of hybridization, IH) at 0 m and 1 m. It equaled 4 to 5% at 40 m. In sympatric crop-wild populations, cross-pollination between cultivated lettuce and its wild relative has to be seen as the rule rather than the exception for short distances.

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“…Some insects (mainly sweat bees and flies) have been reported as pollinators visiting lettuce flowers in the field (Jones, 1927;Thompson, 1933;Watts, 1958). However, the honeybee Apis mellifera and the bumblebee Bombus spp., used commonly for commercial F 1 hybrid seed production of vegetable crops, rarely visit lettuce flowers (Watts, 1958).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is small, and the corolla is usually brilliant (greenish) yellow. Each flower head is composed of 12-30 (usually from 12 to 20) perfect (hermaphroditic), fertile florets (Jones, 1927;Ryder, 1999). Each floret has a single ray (ligulate) petal, the lower part of which is fused as a tube and surrounds the sexual parts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pollination effects of the sweat bee Lasioglossum villosulum trichopse (Hymenoptera: Halictidae) on genic male-sterile lettuce

Goubara

Takasaki

2004

Appl. Entomol. Zool.

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For development of an F 1 hybrid of lettuce cultivars, an efficient pollinator must be found. To evaluate pollination effects of a candidate pollinator, Lasioglossum villosulum trichopse, the foraging behavior and pollination ability of this sweat bee were investigated on the flowers of male-fertile (MF) and genic male-sterile (GMS) lettuce. Females of the sweet bee visited three lettuce cultivars for a short time corresponding to each cultivar's full blooming time and showed unique foraging behavior on the MF lettuce flower. The flower heads thus visited by a single pollen-gathering female sweat bee indicated a seed set as high as that of self-pollinated flower heads on a fine day. On the GMS lettuce, the rate of seed set was significantly lower in the bee-pollinated flower heads than that of hand-pollinated flower heads which bloomed on fine days. The low seed set was considered to be associated with weather conditions during the experimental period. This is the first report of successful F 1 hybrid seed production of lettuce using a pollinator insect.

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Pollination and life history studies of lettuce (Lactuca sativaL.)

Cited by 35 publications

References 12 publications

Molecular Biogeography of Prickly Lettuce (Lactuca serriolaL.) Shows Traces of Recent Range Expansion

Molecular Biogeography of Prickly Lettuce (Lactuca serriolaL.) Shows Traces of Recent Range Expansion

Hybridization rates between lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and its wild relative (L. serriola) under field conditions

Pollination effects of the sweat bee Lasioglossum villosulum trichopse (Hymenoptera: Halictidae) on genic male-sterile lettuce

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