Pollination and fruit infestation under artificial light at night:light colour matters

Boom, Michiel P.; Spoelstra, Kamiel; Biere, Arjen; Knop, Eva; Visser, Marcel E.

doi:10.1038/s41598-020-75471-1

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Night lighting has wide-ranging negative effects on insects across their life cycles, including inhibiting adult activity, increased predation, and disrupted reproduction [for reviews, see (12,26,27)]. Several highprofile studies have highlighted the impacts of ALAN on insect pollination (28)(29)(30)(31)(32)). Yet, it remains unclear whether the effects of ALAN are predominately disruptive impacts on the behavior of individuals or whether ALAN is actively diminishing the populations of pollinators and insect populations more broadly (26,33).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Street lighting has detrimental impacts on local insect populations

et al. 2021

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Reported declines in insect populations have sparked global concern, with artificial light at night (ALAN) identified as a potential contributing factor. Despite strong evidence that lighting disrupts a range of insect behaviors, the empirical evidence that ALAN diminishes wild insect abundance is limited. Using a matched-pairs design, we found that street lighting strongly reduced moth caterpillar abundance compared with unlit sites (47% reduction in hedgerows and 33% reduction in grass margins) and affected caterpillar development. A separate experiment in habitats with no history of lighting revealed that ALAN disrupted the feeding behavior of nocturnal caterpillars. Negative impacts were more pronounced under white light-emitting diode (LED) street lights compared to conventional yellow sodium lamps. This indicates that ALAN and the ongoing shift toward white LEDs (i.e., narrow- to broad-spectrum lighting) will have substantial consequences for insect populations and ecosystem processes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Street lighting has detrimental impacts on local insect populations

et al. 2021

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“…The effects of artificial light have been reported on plant and animal physiology, behavior, reproduction, etc, [14][15][16] with significant evidence for the effects of natural lighting on growth enhancement, circadian rhythms, pollination, and so on of plants. [17][18][19] A common phenomenon is the attraction of insect communities, especially moths, to artificial light sources at night, leading to an extensive reduction of populations, 20 dysregulated sexual activity, and disturbed reproductive cycles. 21 In addition to moths, the mating behavior of fireflies is affected, 22 as is the ability of dung beetles to navigate by starlight, forcing them to navigate by terrestrial cues.…”

Section: Ecological Impacts Of Artificial Lightmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effects of artificial light have been reported on plant and animal physiology, behavior, reproduction, etc, 14 – 16 with significant evidence for the effects of natural lighting on growth enhancement, circadian rhythms, pollination, and so on of plants. 17 – 19 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fiat Lux: Light and Pedagogy for the 21st Century

Lech

Halma

Obajuluwa

et al. 2023

Annals of Neurosciences

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Background The relationship between the quality of the learning environment and student outcomes is receiving more serious attention from educational psychologists, neurologists, ophthalmologists, orthopedists, surgeons, oncologists, architects, ergonomists, nutritionists, and Michelin star chefs. There is a role for ergonomic office and school design to positively impact worker and student productivity, and one design attribute drawing attention is the indoor lit environment. In this review, we expand upon the role that light plays in education, as it has enabled millions of pupils to read at late hours, which were previously too dark. However, still unappreciated is the biological effects of artificial light on circadian rhythm and its subsequent impacts on health and learning outcomes. Summary This review describes the current state of light in the educational environment, its impact, and the effect of certain inexpensive and easy-to-implement adaptations to better support student growth, learning and development. We find that the current lighting environment for pupils is sub-optima based on biological mechanism and may be improved through cost effective interventions. These interventions can achieve greater biological harmonization and improve learner outcomes. Key Message The impact of the lighting environment in educational institutions on pupil biology has received minimal attention thus far. The current lighting environment in schools is not conducive to student health and educational performance. Cost-effective approaches can have an outsized impact on student health and educational attainment. We strongly recommend educational institutions take the lit environment into account when designing educational programs.

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“…4), and critical interactions between native plants and insects may also be affected by exposure to ALAN. For example, international studies show that ALAN can alter invertebrate behaviour and aggregations at plants and therefore modify herbivory (Crump et al 2021;Murphy et al 2022;Cieraad et al 2023), pollination (Knop et al 2017;Boom et al 2020;Giavi et al 2021), and seed dispersal (Giavi et al 2020). Exploring how light alters species interactions is an essential research direction that will contribute to understanding how the impacts of ALAN on primary producers pervade through ecosystems.…”

Section: Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lighting trends reveal state of the dark sky cloak: light at night and its ecological impacts in Aotearoa New Zealand

Cieraad,

Farnworth

2023

NZJE

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Artificial light at night (ALAN) exposes many organisms to increased night-time radiance and disrupts natural cycles that have cued the physiology and ecology of plants and animals throughout their evolutionary history. Here, we use satellite data to quantify spatiotemporal trends of ALAN in Aotearoa New Zealand between 2012-2021 and review the literature of the ecological impacts of ALAN. Our results show that the night-time light environment is changing rapidly in Aotearoa New Zealand: while the vast majority (95.2%) of the country had no direct emissions of ALAN, the lit surface area increased by 37.4% (from 3.0% to 4.2%) between 2012 and 2021. A total of 4694 km 2 of the country experienced increased brightness (median increase of 87%) over the decade. In contrast, 886 km 2 became less bright (median decrease 33%), mainly in urban centres where absolute brightness remains high. Our estimated increases in ALAN extent and brightness are underestimates as satellite imagery does not capture sky glow, nor the full extent of the light spectrum emitted by increasingly common light emitting diodes. Impacts of ALAN on the flora and fauna of Aotearoa New Zealand were identified from 39 pieces of literature, with most focussing on behavioural responses in avifauna, mammals, and insects. ALAN is an understudied environmental pollutant, as > 31% of the records described general observations rather than experimental or observational studies and literature describing impacts on groups including herpetofauna and marine mammals was absent, as were studies quantifying impacts on population size, species interactions, or ecosystem functions. At ALAN's current rate of increase, Aotearoa New Zealand is in danger of losing its cloak of darkness, resulting in increased negative environmental impacts. Greater awareness and targeted ecological research are proposed to stimulate change towards minimising ALAN and mitigating the impacts of light emitted into the nocturnal environment. Additional information and declarationsAuthor contributions: EC conceived the idea and conducted the data analysis. EC and BF developed the idea and wrote the manuscript. Data and code availability:The night-time satellite data used in this paper is freely available online, as described in the Methods section. Code is available from the authors upon request.Ethics: The research did not require ethics approval, as it uses existing data and literature.

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Pollination and fruit infestation under artificial light at night:light colour matters

Cited by 13 publications

References 34 publications

Street lighting has detrimental impacts on local insect populations

Street lighting has detrimental impacts on local insect populations

Fiat Lux: Light and Pedagogy for the 21st Century

Lighting trends reveal state of the dark sky cloak: light at night and its ecological impacts in Aotearoa New Zealand

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