Pollination and breeding system of<i>Xylopia brasiliensis</i>Sprengel (Annonaceae) in south-eastern Brazil

Andrade, Bruno Geike de; Oliveira‐Filho, Ary Teixeira de; Soares, Antônio R.

doi:10.1017/s0266467400009482

Cited by 16 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…(Webber, 2002); X. bocatorena Schery (Kress & Beach, 1994); X. brasiliensis Spreng. (Andrade, Oliveira‐Filho & Soares, 1996); X. championii Hook.f. & Thomson (Ratnayake et al ., 2007); X. crinita R.E.Fr.…”

Section: Pollination Systems In Individual Cladesunclassified

The diversity and evolution of pollination systems in Annonaceae

Saunders

2012

Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society

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The pollination biology of Annonaceae has received considerable attention, with data now available for > 45% of the genera (or genus‐equivalent clades) included in recent molecular phylogenetic analyses. This provides a basis for understanding evolutionary shifts in the pollination system within the family. The present study focuses on subfamilies Anaxagoreoideae, Ambavioideae and Annonoideae, for which robust, well‐resolved phylogenetic trees are available. Information is summarized on the pollination biology of individual clades and the evolutionary adaptations favouring different pollinator guilds evaluated. Although the majority of species of Annonaceae are pollinated by small beetles, five other pollinator groups are known: large beetles, thrips, flies, bees and cockroaches. Small‐beetle pollination is inferred as the ancestral pollination system, with all other systems being derived. Evolutionary shifts to pollination by large beetles, thrips and flies are unlikely to have been significantly constrained by previous adaptations favouring pollination by small beetles, as many of the adaptations to these different pollinator guilds are similar (including protogyny, partially enclosed floral chambers and olfactory cues). In contrast, however, the evolutionary shift to bee pollination has presumably been constrained by both protogyny (as pollen‐collecting bees are unlikely to visit pistillate‐phase flowers) and the presence of floral chambers. © 2012 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2012, 169, 222–244.

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Section: Pollination Systems In Individual Cladesunclassified

The diversity and evolution of pollination systems in Annonaceae

Saunders

2012

Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society

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“…Although this is the first report of curculionid beetles as pollinators of Xylopia, other families of small beetles (Chrysomelidae, Nitidulidae, and Staphylinidae) have been reported previously for the genus (Andrade et al 1996;Kü chmeister et al 1998;Jü rgens et al 2000;Webber 2002;Silberbauer-Gottsberger et al 2003). Thrips (Thysanoptera) have also been shown to pollinate some species of Xylopia (Gottsberger 1970;Jü rgens et al 2000;Webber 2002;Silberbauer-Gottsberger et al 2003).…”

Section: Floral Visitors and Pollinatorsmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…This is typical of other beetle-pollinated Xylopia species (Andrade et al 1996;Kü chmeister et al 1998;Jü rgens et al 2000;Webber 2002;Silberbauer-Gottsberger et al 2003), whereas thrips-pollinated Xylopia species appear to be diurnal (Xylopia brasiliensis: Andrade et al 1996;Xylopia aromatica: Jü rgens et al 2000).…”

Section: Floral Morphology and Phenologymentioning

confidence: 79%

“…5). Protogyny has not only been widely reported in other Xylopia species (Andrade et al 1996;Kü chmeister et al 1998;Webber 2002;Silberbauer-Gottsberger et al 2003) but appears to be ubiquitous The reproductive cycle of individual flowers of Xylopia championii extends over 2 d (fig. 5).…”

Section: Floral Morphology and Phenologymentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Xylopia is one of the largest genera in the family, with up to 160 species (Keßler 1993), and is the only pantropical genus in the family. Published data are only available for seven species, namely Xylopia amazonica (Webber 2002;Silberbauer-Gottsberger et al 2003), Xylopia aromatica (Gottsberger 1970;Jü rgens et al 2000;Silberbauer-Gottsberger et al 2003), Xylopia benthamii (Jü rgens et al 2000;Webber 2002), Xylopia bocatorena (Kress and Beach 1994), Xylopia brasiliensis (Andrade et al 1996), Xylopia crinita (Kü chmeister et al 1998), and Xylopia excellens (Kü chmeister et al 1998;Silberbauer-Gottsberger et al 2003). All these species are pollinated by small beetles, with the exception of X. amazonica, which is pollinated by thrips, and X. aromatica, which is pollinated by a combination of thrips (ca.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pollination Ecology and Breeding System of Xylopia championii (Annonaceae): Curculionid Beetle Pollination, Promoted by Floral Scents and Elevated Floral Temperatures

Ratnayake

Gunatilleke

Wijesundara

et al. 2007

International Journal of Plant Sciences

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Data on the reproductive biology of the Annonaceae are rather fragmentary, particularly for paleotropical species. The pollination ecology and breeding system of the Sri Lankan endemic Xylopia championii (Annonaceae) are described in detail. The pollination ecology was investigated using a diverse range of approaches, including (1) observations of flower-level and population-level phenology, (2) assessments of floral visitors and effective pollinators, (3) monitoring of floral temperature in situ using a digital data logger, and (4) analysis of scent chemistry using solid-phase microextraction sampling and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry identification of volatiles. The breeding system was evaluated using pollen/ovule ratios and field-based controlledpollination experiments. Intrafloral dichogamy (protogyny) occurs over a 2-d period, with a reproductively inactive phase between the pistillate and staminate phases, although there is no evidence of interfloral dichogamy. The inner petals close to form a pollination chamber during the reproductively active phases. The flowers are pollinated by a species of Endaeus weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Floral chamber temperatures are elevated to 8°C above ambient levels. The floral scent contains a combination of volatiles that have previously been observed in fruits and other flowers and that possibly mimic insect pheromones. Xylopia championii has an essentially xenogamous breeding system, promoted by protogyny. Although X. championii possesses numerous clear adaptations for cantharophily, there is no evidence for a species-specific interaction. The beetles are attracted to the flowers by strong scents; rewards offered to the beetles include heat energy and protection from predators. Low levels of fruit set in natural conditions suggest that pollinator availability may be a limiting factor.

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