Pollen preservation in alkaline soils of the American Southwest

Bryant, Vaughn; Holloway, Richard; Jones, J. G.; Carlson, David Lee

doi:10.1017/cbo9780511524875.005

Cited by 41 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The sediments of both modern and Byzantine samples are probably alkaline, since carbonate concretions were found. Enrichment in CaCo 3 is a typical phenomenon of soils in semi-arid regions (Schachtschabel et al 1992) and high pH may lead to pollen deterioration (Dimbleby 1957, Bryant et al 1994. However, the degree of pollen degradation in the Byzantine samples does not seem to be overwhelming.…”

Section: Palaeoecological Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sediment layers can be divided into humid soil, affected by groundwater and often containing pollen, and dry soil where palynomorphs are normally destroyed by oxidation (destruction of sporopollenin building up the pollen wall) (Jacomet andKreuz 1999, Stobbe 2009). High percentages of indeterminant palynomorphs, usually >50%, and low pollen concentration are signs of differential preservation, and general loss of pollen grains is due to oxidation, biological agents such as bacteria and phycomycete fungi, and high pH (Bryant et al 1994, Bryant andHolloway 1996). Those processes including the vertical transport of palynomorphs through sediments via water (downwash) or by animal activity (bioturbation) are comparable to processes observed in terrestrial soils (Dimbleby 1961;Davidson et al 1999;Gavin and Brubaker 1999).…”

Section: Objectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Galilee Blooming: First palynological and archaeological data from an Early Byzantine Cistern at Horvat Kur

Neumann

Zangenberg

Shivtiel

et al. 2013

Environmental Archaeology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Preliminary archaeological and palynological results are presented from an early Byzantine cistern of the village Horvat Kur in eastern Lower Galilee/Israel. The rural site was settled from the Hellenistic until the Early Arab period, its synagogue was constructed shortly after 425 AD and renovated sometimes during the 2nd half of the 6th century AD. It was abandoned probably as a consequence of the earthquake of 749 AD. The intact and properly sealed cistern contained complete or fully restorable pottery. Two cooking pots from the early 5th century AD comprised sediments which was sampled for palynological purposes. Both samples, as well as a sample from the soil beneath one of the pots and a modern surface sample from the site, revealed well preserved palynomorphs in comparably high concentration showing a great potential of the cistern as a pollen archive. The pollen content points to an open, grassy semiarid landscape with an apparent scarcity of cultivars and trees in the vicinity of the site and an abundance of herbs, especially Asteraceae, which are still commonly found in modern regional vegetation.

show abstract

Section: Palaeoecological Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Objectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Galilee Blooming: First palynological and archaeological data from an Early Byzantine Cistern at Horvat Kur

Neumann

Zangenberg

Shivtiel

et al. 2013

Environmental Archaeology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Grass pollen scarcity would be related to its rapid degradation and reduced preservation capability in dry or well-drained soils (Bryant et al, 1994). Paleosols of the lower Sarmiento Formation from Cañadón Vaca and Gran Barranca localities (Bellosi and González, 2010) demonstrate that such conditions prevailed in Central Patagonia since the Middle Eocene.…”

Section: Onset Of the Middle Eocene Global Cooling And Expansion Of Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Inicio del enfriamiento global del eoceno medio y expansión de ambientes con vegetación abierta en la patagonia central.

Bellosi

Krause

2014

Andgeo

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT. Climate-driven changes in terrestrial environments and biomes after the Early Eocene Climatic Optimum are poorly documented from southern continents. Particularly, Middle Eocene-Early Oligocene leaf and pollen data from Central Patagonia (46 o S, Argentina) are not sufficient to characterize floristic paleocommunities. Paleosols of the Cañadón Vaca (~45-42 Ma) and Gran Barranca (42-38.5 Ma) members (Sarmiento Formation), studied at Cañadón Vaca, solve such deficiency and help to reconstruct Middle Eocene landscapes in the beginning of the Cenozoic cooling-drying trend. Vitric Entisols, mollic Andisols and andic Alfisols, showing granular structure and diverse micropeds, are cyclically arranged mainly in response to variation in fine volcaniclastic eolian supply, which in turn governed ecosystem stability and maturity. Soils formed in loessic plains crossed by minor ephemeral rivers, supported open herbaceous-arboreal communities which grew in seasonal, subhumid and warm-temperate conditions. Phytoliths produced by Arecaceae, megathermic graminoids, sedges and dicots, from the upper part of the studied unit, represent subtropical savannas with grasses and variable number of palms and other trees. Considering the abundant paleobotanical and paleopedological antecedents of Late Paleocene-Early Eocene warm and humid forested environments in the same region, the lower Sarmiento Formation records the initial expansion of open herbaceous communities and the appearance of grassy habitats during the greenhouse to icehouse transition in the Middle Eocene. Keywords: Paleosol, Paleoclimate, Greenhouse-icehouse transition, Open-herbaceous communities. RESUMEN. Inicio del enfriamiento global del eoceno medio y expansión de ambientes con vegetación abierta en la Patagonia central. Los cambios en ambientes y biomas terrestres inducidos por el clima, con posterioridad al Óptimo del Eoceno Temprano, están pobremente documentados en continentes australes. Particularmente, la información sobre hojas y polen del Eoceno medio-Oligoceno inferior de Patagonia central (46 o S, Argentina) no es suficiente para caracterizar las paleocomunidades florísticas. Tal deficiencia es posible resolverla mediante el estudio de paleosuelos presentes en la sección inferior de la Formación Sarmiento en Cañadón Vaca, Miembros Cañadón Vaca (~45-42 Ma) y Gran Barranca (42-38.5 Ma), los que permiten reconstruir los ambientes del Eoceno medio en el comienzo del período de enfriamiento-desecación del Cenozoico. Los Entisoles vítricos, Andisoles mólicos y Alfisoles ándicos que exhiben estructura granular y microagregados diversos están cíclicamente ordenados en respuesta a variaciones del aporte eólico de material volcanoclástico fino, el cual a su vez gobernó la estabilidad y madurez de los ecosistemas. Los suelos formados en planicies loéssicas, con ríos efímeros subordinados, sostuvieron comunidades herbáceo-arbóreas abiertas, las que crecieron en condiciones subhúmedas, estacionales y cálido-templadas. Los fitolitos producidos por arecáceas,...

show abstract

“…Over a decade ago, Bryant et al [73] mailed written questionnaires to police departments and forensic laboratories in each of the 44 largest metropolitan areas in the USA, and to the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the Central Intelligence Agency, and the Office of U.S. Customs. None (0%) of the respondents said they knew of any criminal or civil cases in which pollen evidence had been successfully used to prove or disprove a case.…”

Section: Beach and Frontal Dune Ecotonementioning

confidence: 99%

Forensic palynology: Current status of a rarely used technique in the United States of America

Bryant

Jones

2006

Forensic Science International

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pollen preservation in alkaline soils of the American Southwest

Cited by 41 publications

References 0 publications

Galilee Blooming: First palynological and archaeological data from an Early Byzantine Cistern at Horvat Kur

Galilee Blooming: First palynological and archaeological data from an Early Byzantine Cistern at Horvat Kur

Inicio del enfriamiento global del eoceno medio y expansión de ambientes con vegetación abierta en la patagonia central.

Forensic palynology: Current status of a rarely used technique in the United States of America

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About