Pollen of &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Bauhinia&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; L. and &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Phanera&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; Lour. (Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae) from the Brazilian Caatinga

Santos, Francisco de Assis Ribeiro dos; Novaes, Danovan de Matos; Queiroz, Luciano Paganucci de

doi:10.4236/ajps.2012.37108

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…The systematics of living Bauhinia L. is primarily based upon growth habit, inflorescence, flower, calyx, hypanthium, petal, fertile stamen number, stamen filament, gynophore, stigma, pollen, fruit, seed, and leaf morphology [1-8,12,13], as well as molecular data [9,11]. Species of Bauhinia sensu stricto are usually trees or shrubs, rarely semi-scandent plants, whereas those of Lysiphyllum (Benth.)…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leaves and fruits of Bauhinia (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, Cercideae) from the Oligocene Ningming Formation of Guangxi, South China and their biogeographic implications

et al. 2014

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BackgroundThe pantropical genus Bauhinia, along with the northern temperate Cercis and several tropical genera, bear bilobate, bifoliolate, or sometimes unifoliolate leaves, which constitute the tribe Cercideae as sister to the rest of the family Leguminosae based on molecular phylogenetics. Hence, the fossil record of Cercideae is pivotal to understand the early evolution and biogeographic history of legumes.ResultsThree fossil species of Bauhinia were described from the Oligocene Ningming Formation of Guangxi, South China. Bauhinia ningmingensis sp. nov. is characterized by its bifoliolate, pulvinate leaves bearing basal acrodromous primary veins and brochidodromous secondary veins. B. cheniae sp. nov. bears moderately or deeply bilobate, pulvinate leaves, with basal actinodromous primary veins and eucamptodromous secondary veins. B. larsenii D.X. Zhang et Y.F. Chen emend. possesses shallowly or moderately bilobate, pulvinate leaves bearing basal actinodromous primary veins and brochidodromous secondary veins, as well as elliptic, stipitate, non-winged, and oligo-seeded fruits. Meanwhile, previously reported Bauhinia fossils were reviewed, and those pre-Oligocene foliage across the world are either questionable or have been rejected due to lacking of reliable evidence for their pulvini or/and basal actinodromous or acrodromous venations. Besides Oligocene leaves and fruits presented here, foliage and/or wood of Bauhinia have been documented from the Miocene–Pliocene of Thailand, India, Nepal, Uganda, and Ecuador.ConclusionsBauhinia has exhibited a certain diversity with bifoliolate- and bilobate-leafed species in a low-latitude locality–Ningming since at least the Oligocene, implying that the tropical zone of South China may represent one of the centres for early diversification of the genus. The reliable macrofossils of Bauhinia and Cercis have made their debut in the Eocene–Oligocene floras from mid-low latitudes and appeared to lack in the coeval floras at high latitudes, implying a possible Tethys Seaway origin and spread of legumes. However, detailed scenarios for the historical biogeography of Bauhinia and its relatives still need more robust dataset from palaeobotany and molecular phylogeny in future research.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leaves and fruits of Bauhinia (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, Cercideae) from the Oligocene Ningming Formation of Guangxi, South China and their biogeographic implications

et al. 2014

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“…The pollen of Bauhinia s. lat. is known to exhibit a great range of morphological features, in terms of ornamentation, apertures, and units of dispersal (dos Santos et al 2012).…”

Section: Proposal To Recognise Phanera Sect Corymbosae As a Distinctmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cheniella gen. nov. (Leguminosae: Cercidoideae) from southern China, Indochina and Malesia

Clark

Mackinder

Banks

2017

EJT

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Abstract. For much of the last thirty years, the caesalpinioid genus Bauhinia has been recognised by numerous authors as a broadly circumscribed, ecologically, morphologically and palynologically diverse pantropical taxon, comprising several subgenera. One of these, Bauhinia subg. Phanera has recently been reinstated at generic rank based on a synthesis of morphological and molecular data. Nevertheless, there remains considerable diversity within Phanera. Following a review of palynological and molecular studies of Phanera in conjunction with a careful re-examination of the morphological heterogeneity within the genus, we have found strong evidence that the species of Phanera subsect. Corymbosae are a natural group that warrant generic status. We describe here the genus Cheniella R.Clark & Mackinder gen. nov. to accommodate them. It comprises 10 species and 3 subspecies, one newly described here. Generic characters include leaves that are simple and emarginate or bilobed; flowers with elongate hypanthia which are as long as or much longer than the sepals; pods that are glabrous, compressed, oblong, indehiscent or tardily dehiscent; and with numerous seeds, the seeds bearing an unusually long funicle extending most of the way around their circumference. A further distinctive floral character was found to be a fleshy disc on which the staminodes are mounted. An analysis carried out for this study reveals Cheniella to be characterised by a pollen type that is unique to the genus and previously unknown in the Leguminosae. Species diversity is richest in southern China, the full distribution extending westward to India and south-and eastward through Indochina into Malesia.

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“…In their review for caesalpinioid legumes, Banks and Rudall (2016) associated bat pollination with some degree of pollen supraectal ornamentation, as was also suggested by Dos Santos et al. (2012). Yang et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…Intraspecific differences in pollen traits are associated with different pollinators (Hasegawa et al, 2023). In their review for caesalpinioid legumes, Banks and Rudall (2016) associated bat pollination with some degree of pollen supraectal ornamentation, as was also suggested by Dos Santos et al (2012). Yang et al (2020) observed a strong relationship between pilate, striate and fossulate ornamentation and bat pollination in lamiids, although they had few samples.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…How the number of pollen apertures may be associated with bat pollination is unclear for heteromorphic species, but this trait does not seem rare in taxa that are in part pollinated by bats (e.g., Sapotaceae, Harley, 1991; Sapindales, Gonçalves‐Esteves et al., 2022). The pollens of six of 11 Bauhinia species (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae) in Brazil's Caatinga varied in aperture number (Dos Santos et al., 2012), including B. pentandra , which is pollinated by bats (Domingos‐Melo et al., 2023).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dillenia (Dilleniaceae) pollen heteromorphy and presentation, and implications for pollination by bats

Petit,

Scanlon,

Naikatini

et al. 2024

Ecology and Evolution

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Bat pollination of Dillenia in Fiji, a genus that was presumed to be pollinated by bees, posits that other Dillenia species may be bat‐pollinated, with implications for conservation and the understanding of angiosperm evolution. Botanical descriptions of some corolla behaviours (‘falling as a whole’) suggest bat removal of permanently closed corollas, as in D. biflora. Considering the remoteness of species of interest, we reviewed some Dillenia floral traits to hypothesise what they may mean for bat pollination of the genus. We investigated D. biflora pollen grains apertures and reviewed Dillenia literature concerning corolla behaviour and colour, and pollen apertures and presentation, including pores and staminodes. Our samples had dramatically different ratios of tricolpate to tetracolpate pollen grains, a trait that does not exclude pollination by bees. Petal colour polymorphism occurs, with mixed colours proportionately less common in flowers with corollas that open. The proportion of species with staminodes did not differ between those presumed to be pollinated by bats and others, but anthers of the former were significantly more likely to have apical pores, and stamens all had similar length or were slightly longer in the middle, whereas stamens in two distinct groups occurred in 55% of bee‐pollinated species. Pollen heteromorphy may facilitate pollination by different taxa in tropical environments. However, anther apical pores and stamen uniformity are more likely to be associated with bat‐pollinated species than are other morphologies. Dillenia could be a useful model to examine evolutionary aspects of colour, heteranthery, staminodes and pollen heteromorphy. Only field work will verify bat pollination and the implications of bat dependence for Dillenia species.

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Pollen of <i>Bauhinia</i> L. and <i>Phanera</i> Lour. (Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae) from the Brazilian Caatinga

Cited by 14 publications

References 24 publications

Leaves and fruits of Bauhinia (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, Cercideae) from the Oligocene Ningming Formation of Guangxi, South China and their biogeographic implications

Leaves and fruits of Bauhinia (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, Cercideae) from the Oligocene Ningming Formation of Guangxi, South China and their biogeographic implications

Cheniella gen. nov. (Leguminosae: Cercidoideae) from southern China, Indochina and Malesia

Dillenia (Dilleniaceae) pollen heteromorphy and presentation, and implications for pollination by bats

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