Pollen monitoring: minimum requirements and reproducibility of analysis

Galán, Carmen; Smith, Matt; Thibaudon, M.; Frenguelli, Giuseppe; Oteros, José; Gehrig, Regula; Berger, Uwe; Clot, Bernard; Brandão, Rui

doi:10.1007/s10453-014-9335-5

Cited by 391 publications

(261 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Daily observations were used. Following the EAN recommendations (Galán et al, 2014;Jäger et al, 1995), most samplers were located at heights of between 10 and 30 m on the roofs of suitable buildings. The places were frequently in the cities' downtown areas; i.e.…”

Section: Pollen Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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MACC regional multi-model ensemble simulations of birch pollen dispersion in Europe

et al. 2015

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Abstract. This paper presents the first ensemble modelling experiment in relation to birch pollen in Europe. The sevenmodel European ensemble of MACC-ENS, tested in trial simulations over the flowering season of 2010, was run through the flowering season of 2013. The simulations have been compared with observations in 11 countries, all members of the European Aeroallergen Network, for both individual models and the ensemble mean and median. It is shown that the models successfully reproduced the timing of the very late season of 2013, generally within a couple of days from the observed start of the season. The end of the season was generally predicted later than observed, by 5 days or more, which is a known feature of the source term used in the study. Absolute pollen concentrations during the seaPublished by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. M. Sofiev et al.: MACC regional multi-model ensemble simulations of birch pollen dispersionson were somewhat underestimated in the southern part of the birch habitat. In the northern part of Europe, a recordlow pollen season was strongly overestimated by all models. The median of the multi-model ensemble demonstrated robust performance, successfully eliminating the impact of outliers, which was particularly useful since for most models this was the first experience of pollen forecasting.

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Section: Pollen Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…they largely represent the urbanbackground conditions (although not always). With regard to microscopic analysis, the EAN recommendation is to count at least 10 % of the sample using horizontal or vertical strips (Galán et al, 2014). The actual procedures vary between the countries but generally comply.…”

Section: Pollen Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

MACC regional multi-model ensemble simulations of birch pollen dispersion in Europe

et al. 2015

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“…4 The number of IJB documents per country with just spore and mold or mould or fungal in their title, abstract or keywords from 1957 to 2017 a globally and b detailed for Europe (based on a Scopus® (Elsevier B.V.) search as of 28 March 2017) widely considered the standard method for aerobiological monitoring, as it is robust enough for outdoor operation and enables continuous uninterrupted sampling. However, retrieval of data requires considerable amounts of time, effort and the expertise for examining samples by light microscopy (Galán et al 2014) plus difficulties with calibration (Oteros et al 2017). As a result, a degree of error is introduced into the data (systematic instrumental and random errors from operators) and a delay between sampling time and eventual data acquisition is inevitable, meaning that the "real-time" use of data cannot be achieved.…”

Section: Knowledge Gaps and Research Needs/prioritiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerobiology in the International Journal of Biometeorology, 1957–2017

2017

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Aerobiology and biometeorology are related fields. Here we provide a broad review of aerobiology articles published in the International Journal of Biometeorology (IJB) over the past 60 years. We consider how the quantity of such work has varied over this period as well as which regions and countries have been the focus of such work, and where there is a relative paucity. We then focus on a number of highlights and themes in this research, including aerobiology and climate change and aerobiological modelling and forecasting. While much of the article focusses on airborne pollen research, we also discuss the extent to which other airborne organic particles such as fungal spores and bacteria have been the focus of research published in IJB. Also considered are knowledge gaps and research needs and priorities with respect to the field of aerobiology. While the IJB has been one of the main platforms for presenting aerobiological research over recent decades, the article highlights the need for the field of aerobiology to embrace new sampling technologies such as spectral analysis and next-generation sequencing to identify and quantify airborne biological particles.

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“…The International Association for Aerobiology (IAA) recommends for the samples reading at magnification 400× minimum of 3 longitudinal bands or at least 12 transverse bands or minimum 500 random fields (Jäger et al, 1995). The actual sampling methods (longitudinal, transverse or random) and magnifications may vary between the several national networks but are generally compliant (Jato et al, 2006;Skjøth et al, 2010;García-Mozo et al, 2009;Sofiev et al, 2015;Galán et al, 2014;Thibaudon et al, 2014). We based our study on daily pollen concentrations, although for some stations hourly data are available.…”

Section: Observed Pollen Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ragweed pollen production and dispersion modelling within a regional climate system, calibration and application over Europe

et al. 2016

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Abstract. Common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) is a highly allergenic and invasive plant in Europe. Its pollen can be transported over large distances and has been recognized as a significant cause of hay fever and asthma (D'Amato et al., 2007;Burbach et al., 2009). To simulate production and dispersion of common ragweed pollen, we implement a pollen emission and transport module in the Regional Climate Model (RegCM) version 4 using the framework of the Community Land Model (CLM) version 4.5. In this online approach pollen emissions are calculated based on the modelling of plant distribution, pollen production, species-specific phenology, flowering probability, and flux response to meteorological conditions. A pollen tracer model is used to describe pollen advective transport, turbulent mixing, dry and wet deposition.The model is then applied and evaluated on a European domain for the period 2000-2010. To reduce the large uncertainties notably due to the lack of information on ragweed density distribution, a calibration based on airborne pollen observations is used. Accordingly a cross validation is conducted and shows reasonable error and sensitivity of the calibration. Resulting simulations show that the model captures the gross features of the pollen concentrations found in Europe, and reproduce reasonably both the spatial and temporal patterns of flowering season and associated pollen concentrations measured over Europe. The model can explain 68.6, 39.2, and 34.3 % of the observed variance in starting, central, and ending dates of the pollen season with associated root mean square error (RMSE) equal to 4.7, 3.9, and 7.0 days, respectively. The correlation between simulated and observed daily concentrations time series reaches 0.69. Statistical scores show that the model performs better over the central Europe source region where pollen loads are larger and the model is better constrained.From these simulations health risks associated to common ragweed pollen spread are evaluated through calculation of exposure time above health-relevant threshold levels. The total risk area with concentration above 5 grains m −3 takes up 29.5 % of domain. The longest exposure time occurs on Pannonian Plain, where the number of days per year with the daily concentration above 20 grains m −3 exceeds 30.

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Pollen monitoring: minimum requirements and reproducibility of analysis

Cited by 391 publications

References 27 publications

MACC regional multi-model ensemble simulations of birch pollen dispersion in Europe

MACC regional multi-model ensemble simulations of birch pollen dispersion in Europe

Aerobiology in the International Journal of Biometeorology, 1957–2017

Ragweed pollen production and dispersion modelling within a regional climate system, calibration and application over Europe

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