Pollen development at high temperature and role of carbon and nitrogen metabolites

Santiago, James P.; Sharkey, Thomas D.

doi:10.1111/pce.13576

Cited by 88 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 229 publications

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“…Moreover, plants may produce a repertoire of secondary metabolites in response to temperature rises [83]. Such increases in secondary metabolites as well as the accumulation of reactive oxygen species are likely to occur in pollen and may be detrimental to pollinators [84]. All these changes in pollen composition might decrease its suitability to pollinators, reducing their performance and health status [85,86].…”

Section: Disruption To Host Attraction and Foraging Behavioursmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global warming and plant–pollinator mismatches

Gérard

Vanderplanck

Wood

et al. 2020

Emerging Topics in Life Sciences

165

117

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The mutualism between plants and their pollinators provides globally important ecosystem services, but it is likely to be disrupted by global warming that can cause mismatches between both halves of this interaction. In this review, we summarise the available evidence on (i) spatial or (ii) phenological shifts of one or both of the actors of this mutualism. While the occurrence of future spatial mismatches is predominantly theoretical and based on predictive models, there is growing empirical evidence of phenological mismatches occurring at the present day. Mismatches may also occur when pollinators and their host plants are still found together. These mismatches can arise due to (iii) morphological modifications and (iv) disruptions to host attraction and foraging behaviours, and it is expected that these mismatches will lead to novel community assemblages. Overall plant–pollinator interactions seem to be resilient biological networks, particularly because generalist species can buffer these changes due to their plastic behaviour. However, we currently lack information on where and why spatial mismatches do occur and how they impact the fitness of plants and pollinators, in order to fully assess if adaptive evolutionary changes can keep pace with global warming predictions.

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Section: Disruption To Host Attraction and Foraging Behavioursmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global warming and plant–pollinator mismatches

Gérard

Vanderplanck

Wood

et al. 2020

Emerging Topics in Life Sciences

165

117

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In addition, on exposure to heat stress a lower composition and unsaturation levels of phospholipids observed in pollen is proposed as an adaptive mechanism to maintain membrane fluidity and overall pollen viability in wheat (Narayanan et al , ) and sorghum (Djanaguiraman et al , ). A mature pollen is a powerhouse of energy, with a significantly high amount of soluble sugars accumulated, in anticipation of a highly energy consuming pollen tube growth and fertilisation processes (Santiago & Sharkey, ). Heat stress‐induced reduction in starch granule number and size in maize pollen, resulted in pollen sterility and lower seed set and yield (Wang et al , ; Fig.…”

Section: Male and Female Reproductive Organ Viabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat stress during flowering in cereals – effects and adaptation strategies

2020

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Summary Heat stress during flowering has differential impact on male and female reproductive organ viability leading to yield losses in field crops. Unlike flooded rice, dryland cereals such as sorghum, pearl millet and wheat have optimised their flower opening during cooler early morning or late evening hours to lower heat stress damage during flowering. Although previous studies have concluded that pollen viability determines seed set under heat stress, recent findings have revealed pearl millet and sorghum pistils to be equally sensitive to heat stress. Integrating flower opening time during cooler hours with increased pollen and pistil viability will overcome heat stress‐induced damage during flowering under current and future hotter climatic conditions.

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“…Temperature was believed to be the main factor affecting L.g.hexapetala fruitfulness and fertility (Dandelot et al, 2005). Indeed, increases or decreases in temperature after flower induction in some other plant species may deteriorate the production of viable male gametes and cause male sterility (Liu, Mo, Zhang, De Storme, & Geelen, 2019;Santiago & Sharkey, 2019). In France, fruitful populations were initially observed in the Atlantic zone, while fruitless populations were found in the Mediterranean zone, hypothesizing a climate effect on the reproductive success of L.g.hexapetala (Dandelot et al, 2005).…”

Section: No Environmental And/or Climate Factors Are Involved In the mentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-incompatibility limits sexual reproduction rather than environmental conditions in an invasive aquatic plant

Lemus¹,

Bozec²,

Harang³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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SummaryFruitfulness and fertility are important components of sexual reproductive success in plants, and often depends on environmental conditions and reproductive systems. For invasive plants, fruitfulness and fertility control their ecological success and adaptation in invaded ecosystems. We studied which factors bring about fruitfulness and fertility in invasive populations of the aquatic plant Ludwigia grandiflora subsp. hexapetala.We analysed fruitfulness and fertility of 37 populations growing under variable climatic conditions in Western Europe, and sub-sampled fruitful and fruitless populations grown in common controlled conditions. We carried out self- and cross-pollinations and measured their floral biometrics.Environmental conditions, and temperature in particular, did not affect fruitfulness and fertility in-situ or in common controlled environments. Hand-pollinations resulted in fruit production by individuals sampled from fruitless populations when pollen came from fruitful populations, and by individuals sampled from fruitful populations whatever the origin of pollen. Floral biometrics evidenced the existence of two floral morphs that overlapped with fruitfulness, and individual incompatibility.Our results rebutted the hypothesis that environmental conditions control fruitfulness and fertility in these invasive populations. We instead found that fruit and seed production were controlled by a reproductive system involving a self-incompatible approach herkogamous morph and a self-compatible reverse herkogamous morph. We assessed the floral morphs distribution worldwide of fruitless and fruitful native and invasive populations that matched our results at larger scale. Our results may constitute the first evidence of a possible heteromorphic self-incompatible system in Ludwigia populations and in Onagraceae phylogeny. It calls for further investigations on reproductive systems in this plant family. Finally, the observation that the self-incompatible morph seemed to be the world most invasive morph in this species tackles our understanding of biological and ecological conditions for invasiveness.Synthesis. Our study showed that fruitfulness and fertility in the aquatic invasive plant, Ludwigia grandiflora subsp. hexapetala depend on a self-incompatibility system coinciding with two floral morphs, rather than environmental conditions and limitations. These new explanations on the sexual success of Ludwigia invasive populations will help defining new predictions about its worldwide spreads and ecological success, and will help reappraising future management plans.

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Pollen development at high temperature and role of carbon and nitrogen metabolites

Cited by 88 publications

References 229 publications

Global warming and plant–pollinator mismatches

Global warming and plant–pollinator mismatches

Heat stress during flowering in cereals – effects and adaptation strategies

Self-incompatibility limits sexual reproduction rather than environmental conditions in an invasive aquatic plant

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