Politics, Poverty, and Policy in Brazil

Kaknes, Elizabeth

doi:10.18130/v3859x

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…In this article we examine the impact of class and racial discrimination on Afro-descendant women social welfare beneficiaries in Brazil and the USA. In Brazil, despite the fact that 73% of households receiving the conditional cash transfer program (Arruda, 2014), Bolsa Família are Afro-Brazilian (black and brown), there are few research studies that consider the racial identification or skin color of beneficiaries (Mariano and Carloto, 2013; Kaknes, 2016; Micheli, 2018; Mitchell-Walthour, 2019). In the United States, 20.8 % of those receiving Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) benefits are Black/African American (WIC Racial-Ethnic Group Enrollment 2016) and Blacks made up 25.6% of Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) beneficiaries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Afro-descendant women Bolsa Familia and Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program in Brazil and the United States

Mitchell-Walthour

Santos

2021

Cultural Dynamics

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We examine the impact of class and racial discrimination on Afro-descendant women social welfare beneficiaries in Brazil and the USA. We focus on the cities Salvador, São Paulo, Charlotte, and Milwaukee. We find that in all these cities, more than a majority of social welfare beneficiaries ate dark skinned thus showing that both countries are pigmentocracies where disadvantage is based on skin color, class, and gender. We find that of those admitting they experienced skin color discrimination more than a majority ate dark skinned. Women in the USA are generally more likely to acknowledge skin color discrimination while women in Brazil are more likely to acknowledge class based discrimination.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Afro-descendant women Bolsa Familia and Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program in Brazil and the United States

Mitchell-Walthour

Santos

2021

Cultural Dynamics

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“…The most widely studied area of these policy-based externalities is the arena of electoral politics. Many scholars show that CCT programs have political effects, particularly in elections, and that these effects can obtain either for society at large (Corrêa & Cheibub, 2016, Layton & Smith, 2015), or can have particular effects on the voting behavior of beneficiaries (on the Bolsa Família specifically, see Hunter and Power 2007, Kaknes 2016, Licio et al 2009, Zucco 2008, 2013, 2015). Some studies show that beneficiaries with different traits experience differential effects of policy receipt.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…De Micheli (2018) shows that the Bolsa Família program differentially affects the electoral behavior of Black and White beneficiaries vis-à-vis casting null ballots and support for incumbent politicians. Kaknes (2016) shows that beneficiaries who are aware of the incumbent Workers' Party's (PT's) role in promulgating the program are much more likely to support PT candidates, even for state-wide elections.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing a Welfare Program's Effects on Social Mobility in Brazil's “Golden Age”: The Intersectionality of Race, Gender, and Redistributive Social Programs in Two Brazilian Cities

Kaknes

2021

The Review of Black Political Economy

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How do welfare programs affect beneficiaries' perceptions of social mobility? This paper uses the case of Brazil's Bolsa Família Program to assess whether, how, and to what degree the welfare program affects beneficiaries' views of their potential social mobility. It makes a key contribution to the understanding of social mobility by incorporating the role that race and gender play in beneficiary respondent's evaluation of social mobility. Use of an original field survey undergirds the finding that, in contrast to conventional understandings of Brazilian racial and social dynamics, beneficiary status operates differently for Afro-Brazilian and White beneficiaries, as well as for male and female beneficiaries. Specifically, that the program has significant empowerment effects for White women beneficiaries, but that it does not affect the evaluations of Afro-Brazilian women.

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Politics, Poverty, and Policy in Brazil

Cited by 2 publications

References 14 publications

Afro-descendant women Bolsa Familia and Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program in Brazil and the United States

Afro-descendant women Bolsa Familia and Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program in Brazil and the United States

Assessing a Welfare Program's Effects on Social Mobility in Brazil's “Golden Age”: The Intersectionality of Race, Gender, and Redistributive Social Programs in Two Brazilian Cities

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