“…Notably, discrimination may be largely or entirely unintentional on the part of recruiters and/or party elites. As these groups are mostly male, similarity of socioeconomic characteristics, attitudes, values, and personalities between this in-group (perceiver) and candidates for promotion may be interpreted as qualifications (Bjarnegård, 2009; Lipman-Blumen, 2000; Piliavin, 1987). In turn, social similarities may lead to an assumption of competence in a way that favors the dominant group (Holgersson, 2003; Klahr, 1969; Schlozman, Burns, Verba, & Donahue, 1995).…”