Political Leaders in Westminster Systems

McAllister, Ian

doi:10.1093/acprof:osobl/9780199259007.003.0004

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…In view of the trend toward greater leader effect, it is worth exploring the extent to which parties consider candidates' media appeal when selecting their leader (McAllister, 2004). If leaders in Japan exert a growing impact on their parties' electoral fortunes, then vote-seeking parties have an incentive to choose as leader someone who resonates with the public.…”

Section: Summary and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Kavanagh, 1995; Scammell, 1995). Leaders provide convenient visual shortcuts to capture the attention of audiences, and parties take advantage of this by marketing their policies through leaders (McAllister, 2004). Consequently, leader evaluations have a greater impact on vote choice among voters with greater exposure to media coverage of election campaigns (Gidengil et al , 2001; Mendelsohn, 1996).…”

Section: Personalization Of Politics In Parliamentary Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Scholars have also investigated whether leader effect is specific to certain leaders and circumstances, or constitutes a long-term structural trend. McAllister (2004) presents two rival hypotheses: presidentialization, referring to increasing leader effect due to changes in administrative and media organization, and incumbency, namely that the effect varies with individual leaders. Mughan argues that personalization of politics is ‘a change that is here to stay’, because parties increasingly rely on the ‘the essentially visual and personality-based medium of television’ to communicate with voters (2000: 127, 129).…”

Section: The Electoral Impact Of Leadersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Presidentialization of Japanese Politics? Examining Political Leader Evaluations and Vote Choice

Jou

Endo

2015

Japanese Journal of Political Science

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In recent years, the impact of party leaders on voting behavior has attracted increasing attention, leading some scholars to identify a phenomenon of ‘presidentialization’. Many extant studies of this topic in Japan are limited to one or two electoral cycles. In order to trace long-term trends, this paper analyses longitudinal survey data to investigate the existence and magnitude of the effect party leader evaluations exert on vote choice in Japan. Empirical results show that while only dominant and forceful personalities substantially influenced voters' likelihood of supporting their parties in the 1980s and 1990s, by the 2000s assessments of most major party leaders had a significant impact on their parties' electoral performance. In short, party leaders affect vote choice due not to their personalities, but instead to the position they hold. We also test the hypotheses that the association between leader appraisal and voting behavior would be particularly conspicuous among voters who lack party identification and those who are most heavily exposed to media reportage. Analysis reveals that (1) independent voters are not more likely to vote on the basis of leader evaluations than partisans; (2) a leader effect is found more frequently among voters with greater exposure to election coverage on television.

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Section: Summary and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Personalization Of Politics In Parliamentary Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Electoral Impact Of Leadersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Presidentialization of Japanese Politics? Examining Political Leader Evaluations and Vote Choice

Jou

Endo

2015

Japanese Journal of Political Science

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“…While parliamentary conditions are not the same as in the early parliament, we can postulate various reasons why the modern era has seen a high PM turnover. Citizen journalism and social media, as more politicians adopt its use (Grant, Moon, and Grant 2010), may be playing a significant role (McKinnon et al 2016), continuing the greater political focus on PMs and OLs that television brought (McAllister 2004). Gaffes and simple mistakes are celebrated in real-time by journalists and social media followers.…”

Section: Eras Of Australian Politicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survival modelling of Australian politicians

West¹,

Kachoyan

2019

Political Science

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Are Australian political leaders an endangered species? A survival analysis of Australian politicians shows that modern leaders are having almost as tough a time as leaders were in the early days of Australian politics. This article examines the tenures of Prime Ministers and Federal Opposition Leaders to show that while the leadership turnover of the last decade has been high, the modern era is not unlike the Australian parliament after 1901, albeit for different reasons. The parliamentary tenures of members of the House of Representatives and the Senate, male and female members of both houses, and Labor and Liberal leaders have been compared using the survival analysis technique, and while simple statistical tests and descriptors may show little overall difference between the various survival curves, there are often intriguing differences in the detail. For instance, there is evidence supporting the notion that women have historically not been preselected in safe seats. The differing electoral cycles are apparent in the Senate and House of Representative data, as is the historical under-representation of women. Labor leaders tend to have had a higher survival rate, at least in the short term, than their Liberal counterparts, while longer time periods are influenced by long serving Liberal Prime Ministers.

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“…There is today an emerging body of literature that examines the impact of the leadership in elections in parliamentary forms of government (Balmas, Rahat, Sheafer, & Shenhav, 2014; Balmas & Sheafer, 2010; Bean 1993; Bean & Mughan, 1989; Carter, 2015; Dowding, 2013; Harmel & Svasand 1993; Heffernan, 2013; Hennessy, 2000, 2007; Kavanagh, 1990, 2000; King, 1985, 2002; Kriesi, 2011; Langer, 2007, 2010; McAllister, 2011; Richards, 2009; Shastri, 2009; Seymour-Ure, 2003). The attempt to term leadership driven parliamentary elections as ₹Presidential style’ races has been questioned on the ground that the dynamics of parliamentary polls are distinctly different from presidential ones.…”

Section: Introducing the Themementioning

confidence: 99%

The Modi Factor in the 2019 Lok Sabha Election: How Critical Was It to the BJP Victory?

Shastri

2019

Studies in Indian Politics

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The BJP victory in the 2019 elections is attributed to a range of factors. This article examines the role of the leadership factor in propelling the BJP to victory in this election. While the Prime Ministerial candidate of the BJP/NDA was clearly the preferred choice, the National Election Study 2019, undertaken by Lokniti-CSDS, indicates that one-thirds of those who supported the BJP would have altered their voting preference if Modi were not to be the Prime Ministerial candidate of the party. The article explores the leadership factor in the 2019 election and concludes that it was a major factor that influenced voter choice.

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Political Leaders in Westminster Systems

Cited by 10 publications

References 34 publications

Presidentialization of Japanese Politics? Examining Political Leader Evaluations and Vote Choice

Presidentialization of Japanese Politics? Examining Political Leader Evaluations and Vote Choice

Survival modelling of Australian politicians

The Modi Factor in the 2019 Lok Sabha Election: How Critical Was It to the BJP Victory?

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