Political Entrenchment and GDP Misreporting

Chan, Ho Fai; Frey, Bruno S.; Skali, Ahmed; Torgler, Benno

doi:10.2139/ssrn.3422234

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(38 reference statements)

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“…Moreover, data manipulation happens more frequently in countries with lower governance quality (Chan et al, 2019). The MIMIC model is an expectational tool to hypothesise the effect of an unobserved latent variable using standard econometric methods.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two sides of the coin: exploring the duality of corruption in Latin America

Hugo

Savage

Schneider

et al. 2022

Journal of Institutional Economics

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The ambiguous phenomenon of corruption has long been the cause of great theoretical debate in economics. By using Structural Equation Modelling, with the two types of corruption as a latent variable, this paper employs causal and indicative variables to the Latin American region to test for rent seeking and systemic corruption during 1980–2018. The findings provide evidence for two types of corruption, one generated by greed, and the other a solution to market failures. Such results support the view that corruption encompasses a complex set of social behaviours that may require a stronger definitional approach.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two sides of the coin: exploring the duality of corruption in Latin America

Hugo

Savage

Schneider

et al. 2022

Journal of Institutional Economics

Self Cite

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“…For the set of the ESG determinants, the authors use data from the International Country Risk Guide (ICRG) and specifically measures of political institutions (corruption, law and order, civil disorder, civil war, ethnic tensions, foreign pressures, military in politics, and religious tensions), economic institutions (economic and financial risk rating), and macroeconomic variables (real per capita GDP, inflation, trade openness). For comparability and ease of interpretation [101] and following the literature [102][103][104][105], the authors have rescaled the political and economic institutions from ICRG between 0 and 1 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1), where the lowest point 0 indicates low values and the highest point 1, high values.…”

Section: Methodology and Data Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socio-Economic Factors Affecting ESG Reporting Call for Globally Agreed Standards

Krambia-Kapardis,

Savva,

Stylianou

2023

Sustainability

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The ESG ecosystem has evolved over the years, and macro decisions have had an impact on the implementation and reporting of the ESG Index. This paper aims to first investigate if all the components of the ESG index are equally reported and secondly to identify the impact of socio-economic and political variables on the composite ESG index. To achieve this aim, the authors have utilized macroeconomic variables over the period 1984–2020 for 139 countries from the Refinitiv database and have constructed composite indices based on principal component analysis for the ESG components using a panel fixed effects model with structural breaks. The findings have significant policy implications, emphasizing the importance of globally accepted standards. Finally, by addressing the ESG at a macro level, it provides the context within which to consider the adoption of the ESG ecosystem diachronically, thus providing the backdrop for considering the implementation of the ESG at the micro level.

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“…41 Dixit (2004): "'Law and Economics' and 'Lawlessness and Economics' can be regarded as two mutually exclusive and jointly exhaustive subfields of the larger field of economic governance" (p. 9). 42 For evidence on manipulation of data linked to governance, see Chan et al (2019).…”

Section: N O T E Smentioning

confidence: 99%