Political competition and policy choices: the evidence from agricultural protection

Fałkowski, Jan; Olper, Alessandro

doi:10.1111/agec.12018

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…First, the results indicate that the level of income has a negative but insignificant impact on agricultural protection according to the PMG estimator . And it should also be noted that our results are in line with Fałkowski and Olper ()'s findings showing that agricultural policy negatively with agricultural land per capita. Another interesting finding of this study is that, contrary to the previous finding of Garmann (), economic globalization induces countries to decrease agricultural protection in the short run, but has no impact in the long run.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

“…To measure agricultural protection, consistent with earlier studies (i.e., Fałkowski & Olper, ; Garmann, ), we use the Nominal Rate of Assistance (NRA), which is calculated as the percentage by which government policies have raised (or lowered) gross returns to farmers compared to the case in which governments have not intervened. The NRA is positive when agriculture is subsidized, negative when it is taxed, and 0 if net transfers are zero.…”

Section: Data and Econometric Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To avoid omitted variable bias, a vector of additional explanatory variables is included in the model (Fałkowski & Olper, ; Garmann, ). Such as real GDP per capita (PPP adjusted), total population size, agricultural land per capita, government spending, and economic globalization.…”

Section: Data and Econometric Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A growing number of recent studies have investigated how various aspects of political organization of a society affect agricultural policy outcomes. For instance, a recent study by Fałkowski and Olper () has affirmed that political competitions have a positive and highly significant impact on agricultural protection. Democracy has been documented to substantially lead to an increase in agricultural subsidization (Olper, Falkowski, & Swinnen, ; Olper, Raimondi, & Swinnen, ), and economic risk also fundamentally influences the level of agricultural protection (Fałkowski & Olper, ).…”

Section: Robust Checksmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Do economic sanctions affect protectionism? Evidence from agricultural support

2018

Economics & Politics

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The objective of this paper is to examine whether economic sanctions contribute to influencing the target countries’ protectionist policies in the agricultural sector. Using pooled mean group estimations in a dynamic heterogeneous panel setting, we find robust empirical evidence that, in the long‐run, economic sanctions decrease agricultural protection in the target counties, and this effect is mitigated by the wealth of the target's economy. However, the relationship is insignificant in the short run. Furthermore, our results also suggest that the impact of sanctions on agricultural protection (a) increases with the severity of economic sanctions, (b) is greater for multilateral sanctions than unilateral sanctions, and (c) is more severe on agricultural protection when sanctions span a longer duration.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Data and Econometric Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Data and Econometric Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Robust Checksmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Do economic sanctions affect protectionism? Evidence from agricultural support

2018

Economics & Politics

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“…It can only be achieved if it is supported by government policy and if it benefits from appropriate financial subsidies (Abbass, Qasim, et al, 2022; Hussain et al, 2022). Fierce political competition, while reducing the efficiency of political party supervision, can also hinder the implementation of corresponding policies and further impede the green innovation process (Fałkowski & Olper, 2014).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of political competition on green innovation: A new insight into sustainable development

Yang

Guo

Gong

et al. 2023

Sustainable Development

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This research examines a panel of 121 economies worldwide over the period 1980–2020 for the impact of political competition on green innovation. We find that an increase in the intensity of political competition has a significantly negative impact on green innovation and that this impact remains significant in the long term, especially for non‐OECD countries and middle (low) income countries, whereas the sub‐indicators of political competition indicate that the level of institutionalization of political participation and the degree of government restrictions on political participation have different impacts on green innovation. The findings also reveal that lower political risk and higher levels of globalization positively moderate the negative impact of political competition on green innovation. The adverse effects of party competition are exacerbated when left‐wing parties are in power. This study offers new insight into sustainable development based on examining the relationship between political competition and green innovation.

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Do U.S. citizens support government intervention in agriculture? Implications for the political economy of agricultural protection

Moon

Pino

2017

Agricultural Economics

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The persistence of agricultural protectionism throughout the world is intriguing given the widely recognized benefits of free trade. The political economy literature over the last decades has considered groups’ interest, politicians’ preferences, and their interactions within domestic politics as the primary forces driving agricultural protection. Yet, a growing body of studies suggests that it would be judicious to weigh in consumers’ or taxpayers’ perspectives in deciphering the nature of agricultural protection. This study examines U.S. citizens’ preferences about government intervention in agriculture and trade. Results show that they are in strong support of agricultural protection and their perceptions of national food security, family farms, environmental sustainability, and multifunctionality of agriculture play a significant role in shaping their support/opposition toward government intervention. The conventional political economy literature theorizes that consumers or taxpayers would oppose public policies that increase their tax burden; however, in the case of the farm sector, they have little incentive to voice their objections given the costs of farm programs are spread across a large number of consumers and taxpayers. U.S. citizens’ support for government involvement in agriculture as reported in this and other prior studies does not lend support for such political economy explanation.

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Political competition and policy choices: the evidence from agricultural protection

Cited by 5 publications

References 80 publications

Do economic sanctions affect protectionism? Evidence from agricultural support

Do economic sanctions affect protectionism? Evidence from agricultural support

The impact of political competition on green innovation: A new insight into sustainable development

Do U.S. citizens support government intervention in agriculture? Implications for the political economy of agricultural protection

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