Polish Version of the Resilience Scale (RS-14): A Validity and Reliability Study in Three Samples

Abstract

There has been a need for an instrument which not only can adequately evaluate trait-like resilience, but also can be applied to Polish adolescents and young adults. The purpose of this study was to validate the Resilience Scale RS-14 (Wagnild, 2009a,b). We aimed to examine and assess the psychometric properties of the Polish version in three different samples. The first sample was made up of adolescents aged 13–17 (N = 400).The second sample was made up of a problem group aged 13–18 (N = 656) who had special needs and attended either Probation Centers, Youth Sociotherapy Centers, or Youth Educational Centers. The third sample was made up of students in early adulthood aged 19–27 (N = 1,659). Exploratory and confirmatory factor-analytic methods were employed. CFA demonstrated a good fit of the factor structure in all three samples. The original one-dimensional structure of the RS short form was confirmed. All items loaded (>0.40) onto 1 factor, indicating cohesive structure for a 1-factor model explaining 35.02% of the variance in the whole sample, 34.62% in the young adolescent sample, 31.11% in the problem sample, and 38.51% in the early adulthood sample. Descriptive statistics, reliability (young adolescence α = 0.85, problem sampleα = 0.82 early adulthood α = 0.87) and validity data were calculated; test-retest showed good stability [r(40) = 0.88; p < 0.001]. The validity of the scale RS-14 was applied in two groups (the N = 382 early adulthood aged 19–27, and the N = 120 problem group aged 13–18) and was subsequently evaluated. The RS-14 correlated significantly, as expected, with measures of positive concepts (satisfaction with life). Results showed that resilience was negatively related with indexes of perceived stress and the dimension-of-depression. Findings support the RS-14 to be a valid and useful instrument for assessing resilience in diverse Polish adolescent groups, including those with special needs and those in early adulthood.

Resilience Contributes to Low Emotional Impact of the COVID-19 Outbreak Among the General Population in Italy

“…The results from the correlational analysis indeed confirmed the inverse relationships between the resilience factors and depression, anxiety, and stress. Past studies have well established these relationships ( Girtler et al, 2010 ; Damásio et al, 2011 ; Surzykiewicz et al, 2019 ), even though our results specifically referred to people during the quarantine. While studies regarding the psychological impact of the COVID-19 have focused on the prevalence of psychological distress ( Qiu et al, 2020 ; Wang et al, 2020a ), none have explored relationships with resilience.…”

Resilience, sense of coherence and self-efficacy as predictors of stress coping style among university students

“…All items were assessed on a 7-point scale from 1 -I do not agree, to 7 -I agree. The Polish version of the RS-14 had shown test-retest a very good reliability (.88) and a good internal consistency (α = .85) (Surzykiewicz et al 2019).…”

“…The authors of the Scale defined resilience as a personality characteristic which supports the process of adaptation in difficult situations. The Polish adaptation was made by Surzykiewicz et al (2019). The scale consists of 14 items.…”

Social and Behavioral Predictors of Adolescents’ Positive Attitude towards Life and Self

“…Similar items could be found in the Wagnild and Young Resilience Scale [30]. Polish adaption of the full 14-item Wagnild and Young Scale has been recently developed and published by Surzykiewicz et al [31].…”