Poliomyelitis outbreak in Israel in 1988: a report with two commentaries

Slater, Paul E.; Costin, C; Yarrow, A.; Ben-Zvi, T.; Avni, A; Epstein, Irwin; Orenstein, Walter A.; Morag, A; Handsher, Rachel; Green, Manfred S.; Rishpon, Shmuel; Havkin, Ofra; Swartz, T. A.; Kew, Olen M.; Rey, Michel; Melnick, Joseph L.

doi:10.1016/0140-6736(90)92705-m

Cited by 101 publications

(46 citation statements)

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“…The last widespread circulation of wild poliovirus in Israel was 25 years ago, resulting in a national outbreak with cases of permanent paralytic polio [3]. The major difference between the 1988 outbreak in Israel and other outbreaks of wild poliovirus infection in recent years in other developed countries [19,20] that used an IPV-only routine vaccination schedule, is the early detection of silent virus circulation through an existing early warning system, involving national environmental Notably, the highly probable chain of events that lead to the re-introduction of WPV1 into Israel in 2013 is not the first of its kind.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Israel has not had a polio case since an outbreak in 1988, in which 15 poliovirus-infected people had paralytic polio, mostly in the Hadera sub-district in the northern part of the country [1,3], following importation of WPV1 from northern Egypt the year before the outbreak [1,4]. Most of the 1988 outbreak cases had received OPV in the past.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of the 1988 outbreak cases had received OPV in the past. A mass trivalent OPV vaccination campaign ended the outbreak [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Insidious reintroduction of wild poliovirus into Israel, 2013

et al. 2013

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Israel was certified as polio-free country in June 2002, along with the rest of the World Health Organization European Region. Some 11 years later, wild-type polio virus 1 (WPV1) was isolated initially from routine sewage samples collected between 7 and 13 April 2013 in two cities in the Southern district. WPV1-specific analysis of samples indicated WPV1 introduction into that area in early February 2013. National supplementary immunisation with oral polio vaccine has been ongoing since August 2013.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Insidious reintroduction of wild poliovirus into Israel, 2013

et al. 2013

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“…An outbreak discovered in 1987 was caused by WPV1 with cases in different parts of the country without a [19,20]. In The Netherlands, in 1992-1993 an outbreak of poliomyelitis was detected in the unvaccinated minority group of the Dutch population that refuses vaccination for religious reasons [21].…”

Section: Use Of Env As a Tool To Solve Specific Epidemiological Questmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of environmental poliovirus surveillance in global polio eradication and beyond

et al. 2011

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SUMMARYEnvironmental poliovirus surveillance (ENV) means monitoring of poliovirus (PV) transmission in human populations by examining environmental specimens supposedly contaminated by human faeces. The rationale is based on the fact that PV-infected individuals, whether presenting with disease symptoms or not, shed large amounts of PV in the faeces for several weeks. As the morbidity :infection ratio of PV infection is very low, this fact contributes to the sensitivity of ENV which under optimal conditions can be better than that of the standard acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) surveillance. The World Health Organization has included ENV in the new Strategic Plan of the Global Polio Eradication Initiative for years 2010-2012 to be increasingly used in PV surveillance, supplementing AFP surveillance. In this paper we review the feasibility of using ENV to monitor wild PV and vaccine-derived PV circulation in human populations, based on global experiences in defined epidemiological situations.

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“…11 Alternative strategies can be used to overcome the poor seroconversion to oral polio vaccine. This includes the use of enhanced potency inactivated polio, 12 alteration of the formulation of OPV, 2 increasing the number of doses of OPV 6 or a combination of two of the above alternatives. 3,4 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

National Serosurvey of Post Vaccination Poliovirus Antibody in Saudi Arabia

Mohamed

Al-Mazrou

Abanamy

et al. 1994

Annals of Saudi Medicine

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This is a national seroprevalence study conducted in Saudi Arabia in 1991G to determine postvaccination poliovirus antibody. Two hundred and nine children vaccinated with three oral polio vaccines at three, four, and five months of age were included in the study representing the five main regions in Saudi Arabia. Blood samples were collected at the age of nine months. Cytopathic effect (CPE) neutralization was used to determine the level of polio antibody. A dilution of 1/8th or more was defined as positive. Seventy-nine percent, 88% and 65% of the children were positive for Type 1, Type 2, and Type 3, respectively. Development of a new strategy of polio vaccination is needed. Ann

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Poliomyelitis outbreak in Israel in 1988: a report with two commentaries

Cited by 101 publications

References 0 publications

Insidious reintroduction of wild poliovirus into Israel, 2013

Insidious reintroduction of wild poliovirus into Israel, 2013

Role of environmental poliovirus surveillance in global polio eradication and beyond

National Serosurvey of Post Vaccination Poliovirus Antibody in Saudi Arabia

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