Poliomyelitis in Hypogammaglobulinemics

Fc Receptor(s) Induced by Human Cytomegalovirus Bind Differentially with Human Immunoglobulin G Subclasses

“…Antiviral immunoglobulins must be considered major factors in the interaction between a virus and the infected host. Although there is evidence that deficiencies in immunoglobulin synthesis may affect susceptibility to viral infections (Linnemann et al, 1973;Wright et al, 1977;Wyatt, 1973), the relative importance of various classes and subclasses of human immunoglobulins in recovery from viral infections is still not well understood. Recent findings indicate that IgG3 is the first subclass to appear after HCMV, HSV, varicella-zoster, rubella and polio virus infections, and IgG3 shows a higher ratio of IgG concentration to antibody titre than the IgG 1, IgG2 and IgG4 subclasses as determined in neutralization and haemagglutination inhibition tests (Beck, 1981;Linde et al, 1983).…”

Frequent isolation of intertypic poliovirus recombinants with serotype 2 specificity from vaccine‐associated polio cases

“…The pathogenesis of such vaccine-associated polio cases remains obscure, but two major contributing groups of factors could easily be envisioned: 1) some defect(s) in the host defense machinery, e.g., immunodeficiencies [Wyatt, 1973;Davis et al, 1977;Wright et al, 1977;Nkowane et al, 19871; and 2) the emergence of variants with enhanced neurovirulence during the reproduction C 1991 WILEY-LISS, INC. of attenuated viruses in the human gut-in fact, the accumulation under these conditions of diverse mutations, including those resulting in increased pathogenicity, has been amply documented Nottay et al, 1981;Evans et al, 1985;Lipskaya et al, 1987;Minor and Dunn, 19881. Intertypic recombinants between different serotypes present in the trivalent oral poliomyelitis vaccine (TOPV) were also described [Kew and Nottay, 1984;Minor et al, 1986;Cammack et al, 1988;Macadam et al, 19891. However, the actual contribution of these two factors, related either to the host or to the infectious agent, is usually very difficult to assess.…”

Antigenic Analysis of Polioviruses Isolated from a Child with Agammaglobulinemia and Paralytic Poliomyelitis after Sabin Vaccine Administration

“…It has been suggested that a small number of patients with hypogammaglobulinemia have a very high risk of contracting paralytic poliomyelitis after infection with oral poliovaccine and that they constitute about 9% of the vaccine-associated cases (19). Usually poliomyelitis in an immunodeficient individual is characterized by ,a prolonged incubation period of 30 days or more, and severe, progressive neurologic involvement.…”

“…Usually poliomyelitis in an immunodeficient individual is characterized by ,a prolonged incubation period of 30 days or more, and severe, progressive neurologic involvement. The isolated polioviruses are mostly vaccine-like and there is no convincing evidence of reversion to virulence (18,19). In October 1977 a patient with agammaglobulinemia who developed paralytic poliomyelitis was admitted to Sapporo Medical College Hospital.…”