Polio Eradication in Nigeria and the Role of the National Stop Transmission of Polio Program, 2012-2013

Waziri, Ndadilnasiya Endie; Ohuabunwo, Chima; Nguku, Patrick; Ogbuanu, Ikechukwu U.; Gidado, Saheed; Biya, Oladayo; Wiesen, Eric; Vertefeuille, John; Townes, Debra; Oyemakinde, Akin; Nwanyanwu, Okey; Gassasira, Alex; Mkanda, Pascal; Muhammad, Ado J. G.; Elmousaad, Hashim A.; Nasidi, Abdulsalami; Mahoney, Frank

doi:10.1093/infdis/jiu199

Cited by 19 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Senior NSTOP staff placed at the central and state level are graduates of the 2-year NFELTP program, including classroom training on polio and RI services and supervisory experience during OPV supplemental immunization activities (SIAs) [9]. At the LGA level, 100 NSTOP staff were hired in 100 LGAs deemed to be at high risk for polio based on the CDC-Global Good risk analysis algorithm [10].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Routine Vaccination Coverage in Northern Nigeria: Results from 40 District-Level Cluster Surveys, 2014-2015

Gunnala

Ogbuanu

Adegoke³

et al. 2016

PLoS ONE

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BackgroundDespite recent success towards controlling poliovirus transmission, Nigeria has struggled to achieve uniformly high routine vaccination coverage. A lack of reliable vaccination coverage data at the operational level makes it challenging to target program improvement. To reliably estimate vaccination coverage, we conducted district-level vaccine coverage surveys using a pre-existing infrastructure of polio technical staff in northern Nigeria.MethodsHousehold-level cluster surveys were conducted in 40 polio high risk districts of Nigeria during 2014–2015. Global positioning system technology and intensive supervision by a pool of qualified technical staff were used to ensure high survey quality. Vaccination status of children aged 12–23 months was documented based on vaccination card or caretaker’s recall. District-level coverage estimates were calculated using survey methods.ResultsData from 7,815 children across 40 districts were analyzed. District-level coverage with the third dose of diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus vaccine (DPT3) ranged widely from 1–63%, with all districts having DPT3 coverage below the target of 80%. Median coverage across all districts for each of eight vaccine doses (1 Bacille Calmette-Guérin dose, 3 DPT doses, 3 oral poliovirus vaccine doses, and 1 measles vaccine dose) was <50%. DPT3 coverage by survey was substantially lower (range: 28%–139%) than the 2013 administrative coverage reported among children aged <12 months. Common reported reasons for non-vaccination included lack of knowledge about vaccines and vaccination services (50%) and factors related to access to routine immunization services (15%).ConclusionsSurvey results highlighted vaccine coverage gaps that were systematically underestimated by administrative reporting across 40 polio high risk districts in northern Nigeria. Given the limitations of administrative coverage data, our approach to conducting quality district-level coverage surveys and providing data to assess and remediate issues contributing to poor vaccination coverage could serve as an example in countries with sub-optimal vaccination coverage, similar to Nigeria.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Routine Vaccination Coverage in Northern Nigeria: Results from 40 District-Level Cluster Surveys, 2014-2015

Gunnala

Ogbuanu

Adegoke³

et al. 2016

PLoS ONE

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“…FETPs play critical roles in addressing priority public health problems in countries, often with the collaboration and support of international initiatives such as the US President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief ( 37 , 38 ), the President’s Malaria Initiative ( 39 , 40 ), and the Global Polio Eradication Initiative ( 41 , 42 ). This approach ensures that residents’ work supports national and global priorities while the residents practice applying epidemiologic methods to these programs and providing public health service.…”

Section: Outcomes and Effects Of Fetpsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One N-STOP initiative focused on locating and vaccinating children <5 years of age in remote, nomadic, scattered, and border populations in northern Nigeria where low polio vaccination coverage probably contributed to ongoing transmission of wild polio virus. During August 2012–April 2013, N-STOP conducted field outreach activities that enumerated ≈40,000 remote settlements, including 4,613 settlements never visited by vaccination teams during previous polio supplemental immunization activities ( 41 , 43 ).…”

Section: Outcomes and Effects Of Fetpsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Building Global Epidemiology and Response Capacity with Field Epidemiology Training Programs

Jones¹,

Dicker²,

Fontaine³

et al. 2017

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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More than ever, competent field epidemiologists are needed worldwide. As known, new, and resurgent communicable diseases increase their global impact, the International Health Regulations and the Global Health Security Agenda call for sufficient field epidemiologic capacity in every country to rapidly detect, respond to, and contain public health emergencies, thereby ensuring global health security. To build this capacity, for >35 years the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has worked with countries around the globe to develop Field Epidemiology Training Programs (FETPs). FETP trainees conduct surveillance activities and outbreak investigations in service to ministry of health programs to prevent and control infectious diseases of global health importance such as polio, cholera, tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS, malaria, and emerging zoonotic infectious diseases. FETP graduates often rise to positions of leadership to direct such programs. By training competent epidemiologists to manage public health events locally and support public health systems nationally, health security is enhanced globally.

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“…STOP volunteers have played a crucial role in enhancing country capacity to respond to outbreaks of other priority infectious diseases, contributing to CDC’s global health protection platform. CDC also has supported 4 countries at high risk for polio to build their own national STOP programs (Table 1) ( 40 – 42 ). VPD surveillance also helps build countries’ public health systems.…”

Section: Capacity-building Partnerships To Contain Threats At the Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and Its Partners’ Contributions to Global Health Security

Tappero¹,

Cassell²,

Bunnell³

et al. 2017

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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To achieve compliance with the revised World Health Organization International Health Regulations (IHR 2005), countries must be able to rapidly prevent, detect, and respond to public health threats. Most nations, however, remain unprepared to manage and control complex health emergencies, whether due to natural disasters, emerging infectious disease outbreaks, or the inadvertent or intentional release of highly pathogenic organisms. The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) works with countries and partners to build and strengthen global health security preparedness so they can quickly respond to public health crises. This report highlights selected CDC global health protection platform accomplishments that help mitigate global health threats and build core, cross-cutting capacity to identify and contain disease outbreaks at their source. CDC contributions support country efforts to achieve IHR 2005 compliance, contribute to the international framework for countering infectious disease crises, and enhance health security for Americans and populations around the world.

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Polio Eradication in Nigeria and the Role of the National Stop Transmission of Polio Program, 2012-2013

Cited by 19 publications

References 4 publications

Routine Vaccination Coverage in Northern Nigeria: Results from 40 District-Level Cluster Surveys, 2014-2015

Routine Vaccination Coverage in Northern Nigeria: Results from 40 District-Level Cluster Surveys, 2014-2015

Building Global Epidemiology and Response Capacity with Field Epidemiology Training Programs

US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and Its Partners’ Contributions to Global Health Security

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