Polinização e sistema reprodutivo de Acanthaceae Juss. no Brasil: uma revisão

Matias, Renan Augusto Miranda; Consolaro, Hélder

doi:10.14393/bj-v31n3a2015-23979

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…In this study, we recorded flowers of R. blechum that remained closed and formed fruit. This result confirms a new record of cleistogamy in Ruellia , a genus of the Acanthaceae that is predominantly self‐compatible (Matias & Consolaro, 2015). CL flowers are important to ensure seed production under low cross‐pollination due to competition or lack of pollinators (Lima et al., 2005).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…In R. blechum , in addition to bees, occasional visits by a species of fly were also recorded. This is apparently the first study to record flies visiting Ruellia flowers (see Tripp & Manos, 2008), and this group of visitors is rarely found in other genera of Acanthaceae (Matias & Consolaro, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…While cleistogamy is widely acknowledged in Ruellia , studies on this floral system remain scarce compared to other groups, such as Viola L. and Stipa L. (Culley & Klooster, 2007). Cleistogamy has been documented in three species of Ruellia that occur in Brazil: R. brevifolia (Pohl) C.Ezcurra, R. menthoides (Nees) Hiern, and R. simplex C.Wright (Lima et al., 2005; Matias & Consolaro, 2015). The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of cleistogamy in R. blechum L., analysing production of CL and CH flowers and the fruit set of these floral types in a natural population located in Central Brazil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ruellia blechum: A new case of cleistogamy in Acanthaceae

Bonzanini,

Soares,

da Silva

et al. 2024

Austral Ecology

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Cleistogamy is characterized by the presence of flowers that are permanently closed, yet they still produce fruits and seeds through autonomous self‐pollination. Populations with cleistogamous flowers can also have flowers that open, called chasmogamous, which promote cross‐pollination and genetic variability. Acanthaceae is among the families with the highest frequency of cleistogamy, observed mainly in Ruellia. This study aimed to assess cleistogamy in Ruellia blechum for the first time. In a population in Central Brazil, we analysed the production of cleistogamous and chasmogamous flowers, their fruiting, differences in flower bud size, self‐pollination in cleistogamous flowers and visitors in chasmogamous flowers. Of the flower buds observed, 35.29% remained closed (cleistogamous flowers), with 31.25% of them forming fruit. In contrast, 60.24% of the flowers that opened (chasmogamous) developed fruit. The length of cleistogamous flowers was shorter than that of chasmogamous floral buds in pre‐anthesis. On average, 24.45 pollen grains were self‐deposited on the stigma of a cleistogamous flower. The chasmogamous flowers were visited mainly by small bees. This study is the first to confirm the presence of cleistogamous flowers in R. blechum. However, their co‐occurrence with chasmogamous flowers suggests a fitness advantage for maintaining a mixed mating strategy.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ruellia blechum: A new case of cleistogamy in Acanthaceae

Bonzanini,

Soares,

da Silva

et al. 2024

Austral Ecology

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“…Members of the Acanthaceae family undergo biotic pollination, primarily facilitated by hummingbirds, bees, butterflies, bats, and moths (Matias & Consolaro, 2015; Schmidt‐Lebuhn et al, 2007). Biotically pollinated plants, as observed in Acanthaceae, demonstrate greater pollen morphological diversity compared to abiotically pollinated plants (Mander et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pollen morphology of Acanthoideae species from the Shivalik Foothills in Rajaji National Park (Uttarakhand, India)

Rawat,

Negi,

Tiwari

2024

Microscopy Res & Technique

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Apart from its role in plant taxonomy, the understanding of pollen morphology is considered an essential interdisciplinary tool in diverse applied fields, including plant systematics, melissopalynology, aeropalynology, forensic palynology, paleopalynology, and copropalynology. In palynotaxonomy, it is frequently employed to classify and validate natural groups across a range of hierarchical levels, from higher categories down to the infrageneric level. The subfamily Acanthoideae, within the Acanthaceae family, consists of a diverse group of flowering plants that are distributed globally. The present study attempted a comprehensive analysis of the pollen morphology, employing both light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), for a total of 13 Acanthoideae species from the Shivalik Foothills in Rajaji National Park (located in the northern Indian state of Uttarakhand, Western Himalaya). The findings indicated that the Acanthoideae is characterized by eurypalynous features, and the studied species exhibited pollen grains that were monads, radially symmetrical, and varied in size from small to large. The pollen grains were predominantly tricolporate or heteroaperturate, with porate occurrences being rare. The significant variation in exine sculpturing, including reticulate, coarsely reticulate, and bireticulate patterns, holds substantial taxonomic significance. The detailed presentation encompasses pollen morphological characters described with LM and SEM micrographs, along with a species‐level identification key.Research Highlights This article provides a thorough analysis of the pollen morphology of Acanthoideae taxa using both light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, covering 13 species across 10 genera and revealing a broad spectrum of pollen characteristics, including size, shape, aperture type, and exine sculpturing. The microscopic investigation of these Acanthoideae species not only enhances our understanding of their pollen morphology but also aids in species identification through the development of a pollen‐based key.

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