Policing and collective efficacy: A rapid evidence assessment

Yesberg, Julia A.; Bradford, Ben

doi:10.1177/14613557211026938

Cited by 11 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…Collective efficacy reflects a shared sense of trust and cohesion among community members and their ability to intervene and work together to address community problems (Sampson, Raudenbush, and Earls 1997), or in other words, the opposite of an anomic orientation about one's environment (Nix et al 2015). While the research evidence shows a positive relationship between collective efficacy and trust in/satisfaction with the police (Brick, Taylor, and Esbensen 2009; Jackson and Bradford 2009; Kubrin and Weitzer 2003; LaFree 1998; Ren et al 2005; Sampson 2002; Sargeant, Wickes, and Mazerolle 2013; Schafer, Huebner, and Bynum 2003; Silver and Miller 2004; Wells et al 2006; Zhao et al 2014), unlike crime, disorder, or visual police presence, collective efficacy is generally not considered a place characteristic within direct influence of the police or an outcome we expect from the police (Sampson 2012; for an opposite view, see Yesberg and Bradford 2021).…”

Section: Potential Street-level Influences On Assessments Of Police F...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Are the Police Primarily Responsible for Influencing Place-Level Perceptions of Procedural Justice and Effectiveness? A Longitudinal Study of Street Segments

Weisburd

Jonathan-Zamir

White

et al. 2022

Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency

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While there has been significant study of the relationship between police legitimacy and its key antecedents - procedural justice (PJ) and police effectiveness (PE) at the individual level, little attention has been paid to what impacts general evaluations of PJ and PE. Our paper focuses on these perceptions at places. Our analyzes utilize survey data collected on 447 street segments in Baltimore City, MD, in two waves. We first used EFA to determine the latent structure of PJ and PE measures. We then used mixed effects OLS regression modeling techniques to examine the antecedents of a “scorecard” of perceptions of the police. The results of the EFA show a single latent structure that we term the scorecard for PJ and PE. While we find that experiences with the police and street conditions that the police are presumed to impact influence the scorecard, street conditions that are less likely to be influenced by police (collective efficacy and concentrated disadvantage) also have strong influence. Both the research and policy-oriented literature often view the police as primarily responsible for their public image. Our data suggest that at the place level, such perceptions are also strongly impacted by factors primarily outside police influence.

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Section: Potential Street-level Influences On Assessments Of Police F...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Are the Police Primarily Responsible for Influencing Place-Level Perceptions of Procedural Justice and Effectiveness? A Longitudinal Study of Street Segments

Weisburd

Jonathan-Zamir

White

et al. 2022

Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency

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show abstract

“…For example, Kochel and Gau’s (2019) police engagement measure asked residents whether the police met and worked with local businesses or residents to address crime and other problems. There was also no measure of legitimacy in the dataset, so we were unable to test whether trust in individual officers is more or less important for fostering collective efficacy than perceptions of the legitimacy of the policing institution (Kochel, 2018; Yesberg and Bradford, 2021). Future research should seek to replicate these findings using better measures of community policing, and there should be a more thorough investigation into potential intervening variables (for example, legitimacy).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent rapid evidence assessment (REA) (Yesberg and Bradford, 2021) reviewed the literature on policing and collective efficacy. Overall, trust in police was the aspect of policing most consistently associated with collective efficacy.…”

Section: Policing and Collective Efficacymentioning

confidence: 99%

Police visibility, trust in police fairness, and collective efficacy: A multilevel Structural Equation Model

Yesberg

Brunton‐Smith

Bradford

2021

European Journal of Criminology

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Areas high in collective efficacy – where residents know and trust one another and are willing to intervene to solve neighbourhood problems – tend to experience less crime. Policing is thought to be one antecedent to collective efficacy, but little empirical research has explored this question. Using three waves of survey data collected from London residents over three consecutive years, and multilevel Structural Equation Modelling, this study tested the impact of police visibility and police–community engagement on collective efficacy. We explored direct effects as well as indirect effects through trust in police. The findings showed levels of police visibility predicted trust in police. Trust in police fairness, in turn, predicted collective efficacy. There was a small indirect relationship between police visibility and collective efficacy, through trust in police fairness. In other words, police presence in neighbourhoods was associated with more positive views about officer behaviour, which in turn was associated with collective efficacy. The findings have important implications for policies designed to build stronger, more resilient communities.

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“…It is largely believed in the literature that efficacious neighborhoods are preceded by police legitimacy (Yesberg & Bradford, 2021). This belief necessitates that police must be seen as legitimate prior to individual-level interactions that build social cohesion and trust among neighbors.…”

Section: Policing and Collective Efficacymentioning

confidence: 99%

Informal social control and the endorsement of police legitimacy: A confirmatory factor analysis

Lown

2023

apsw

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High-profile shootings by police officers and the mass protests that followed have highlighted the necessity of social work scholars to address new perspectives in community safety. Collective efficacy is a theoretical framework that explores how individual-level interactions impact community-level outcomes. Despite evidence that indicates collective efficacy is an effective mediator to community-level crime and violence, criticisms of the model question the influence of informal social control and whether or not it represents policing in another form. This paper seeks to understand the relationship between informal social control and police legitimacy to understand how residents’ inclination to intervene reflects a replication of the worst aspects of formal institutions of social control. I performed a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) across 15 endogenous variables and two latent exogenous variables to create two pathways that assessed the relationship between informal social control and police legitimacy. Results from the CFA pathways indicate that increased levels of informal social control among neighborhood residents was related to decreased levels of police legitimacy. Implications of these findings for abolitionist social work scholars are discussed along with the study’s limitations and future directions for research.

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Policing and collective efficacy: A rapid evidence assessment

Cited by 11 publications

References 76 publications

Are the Police Primarily Responsible for Influencing Place-Level Perceptions of Procedural Justice and Effectiveness? A Longitudinal Study of Street Segments

Are the Police Primarily Responsible for Influencing Place-Level Perceptions of Procedural Justice and Effectiveness? A Longitudinal Study of Street Segments

Police visibility, trust in police fairness, and collective efficacy: A multilevel Structural Equation Model

Informal social control and the endorsement of police legitimacy: A confirmatory factor analysis

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