Policies for accelerating access to clean energy, improving health, advancing development, and mitigating climate change

Haines, Andy; Smith, Kirk R.; Anderson, David H.; Epstein, Paul R.; McMichael, Anthony J.; Roberts, Ian; Wilkinson, Paul; Woodcock, James; Woods, Jeremy

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(07)61257-4

Cited by 284 publications

(123 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…These constraints to human adaptability further stress the need for mitigation strategies contributing together with adaptation plans to tackle the problem of climate change 21 . These strategies, in turn, would ultimately maximize other cobenefits for health; for example, through improved air, water or food quality [22][23][24] .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term projections and acclimatization scenarios of temperature-related mortality in Europe

et al. 2011

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The steady increase in greenhouse gas concentrations is inducing a detectable rise in global temperatures. The sensitivity of human societies to warming temperatures is, however, a transcendental question not comprehensively addressed to date. Here we show the link between temperature, humidity and daily numbers of deaths in nearly 200 European regions, which are subsequently used to infer transient projections of mortality under state-of-the-art high-resolution greenhouse gas scenario simulations. our analyses point to a change in the seasonality of mortality, with maximum monthly incidence progressively shifting from winter to summer. The results also show that the rise in heat-related mortality will start to completely compensate the reduction of deaths from cold during the second half of the century, amounting to an average drop in human lifespan of up 3-4 months in 2070-2100. nevertheless, projections suggest that human lifespan might indeed increase if a substantial degree of adaptation to warm temperatures takes place.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term projections and acclimatization scenarios of temperature-related mortality in Europe

et al. 2011

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“…A system such as traffic light labelling could contribute to both consumer education and identification of foods that would benefit from improved economic incentives reflecting the real costs of consumption (75) . The implementation of a carbon tax or another form of environmental tax on food production and processing may also result in similar health-related benefits, because of the high energy use associated with the production of livestock and highly processed food (76) . In selecting foods for taxation, public health nutritionists also need to balance the (un)healthfulness of the targeted food with consumers' likely response to its taxation, called 'price elasticity'.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The global context for public health nutrition taxation

Thow

Heywood

Leeder

et al. 2010

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: To assess critically the scope for public health nutrition taxation within the framework of the global tax reform agenda. Design: Review of the tax policy literature for global policy priorities relevant to public health nutrition taxation; critical analysis of proposals for public health nutrition taxation judged against the global agenda for tax reform. Setting: The global tax reform agenda shapes decisions of tax policy makers in all countries. By understanding this agenda, public health nutritionists can make feasible taxation proposals and thus improve the development, uptake and implementation of recommendations for nutrition-related taxation. Results: The priorities of the global tax reform agenda relevant to public health nutrition taxation are streamlining of taxes, adoption of value-added tax (VAT), minimisation of excise taxes (except to correct for externalities) and removal of import taxes in line with trade liberalisation policies. Proposals consistent with the global tax reform agenda have included excise taxes, extension of VAT to currently exempted (unhealthy) foods and tariff reductions for healthy foods. Conclusions: Proposals for public health nutrition taxation should (i) use existing types and rates of taxes where possible, (ii) use excise taxes that specifically address externalities, (iii) avoid differential VAT on foods and (iv) use import taxes in ways that comply with trade liberalisation priorities.

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“…8 Second, we must turn our attention toward mitigation, and more specifically toward the role of policy and regulation changes. 9 Generally, policy influences the real world in two ways, namely, (i) by providing a long-term roadmap and strategy that sets the overall goals of a society and (ii) to implement norms and standards needed to put the said strategy into action. In reality, political and industrial stakeholders are often closely related through political processes and mutual interests.…”

Section: Background and Global Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Particularly airtight building envelopes are standard for new construction in Europe but not really for the rest of the world. According to Haines et al, 9 potential energy and CO 2 savings in the built environment on the order of 30% can be achieved by 2020 in a cost-effective manner with relatively minor intervention.…”

Section: Global Building Standards and Policymentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy in buildings—Policy, materials and solutions

Koebel

Wernery

Malfait

2017

MRS Energy & Sustainability

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Buildings account for ∼40% of global energy demands, and the increased adoption of innovative solutions for buildings represents an enormous potential to reduce energy demands and greenhouse gas emissions. Here, we critically review the current and future materials and solutions for the construction sector. We describe how policy affects innovative businesses and the adoption of new products and solutions. We investigate how the building envelope and user behavior determine building energy demands. Compared to conventional solutions, superinsulation materials (vacuum insulation panels, silica aerogel) can achieve the same thermal performance with drastically thinner insulation. With low-emissivity coatings and appropriate filler gasses, double and triple glazing reduces thermal losses by an order of magnitude. Vacuum and aerogel glazing reduce these even further. Switchable glazing solutions maximize solar gains during wintertime and minimize illumination demands whilst avoiding overheating in summer. Upon integration of renewable energy systems, buildings become both producers and consumers of energy. Combined with the dynamic user behavior, temporal variations in energy production require thermal and electrical storage and the integration of buildings into smart grids and energy district networks. The combination of these measures can reduce the energy consumption of the building's stock by a factor of three.

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Policies for accelerating access to clean energy, improving health, advancing development, and mitigating climate change

Cited by 284 publications

References 41 publications

Long-term projections and acclimatization scenarios of temperature-related mortality in Europe

Long-term projections and acclimatization scenarios of temperature-related mortality in Europe

The global context for public health nutrition taxation

Energy in buildings—Policy, materials and solutions

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