Policies and mechanisms to address climate-induced migration and displacement in Pacific and Caribbean small island developing states

Thomas, Adelle; Benjamin, Lisa

doi:10.1108/ijccsm-03-2017-0055

Cited by 54 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Displacement due to natural disasters is more often associated with sudden-onset events and its association with slow-onset events is often dependent on whether the slow-onset event has turned into a natural disaster situation that affects individuals with no other rational option than to move [54].…”

Section: Sudden-and Slow-onset Events: Contribution To Displacement Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nexus between Climate Change, Displacement and Conflict: Afghanistan Case

Přívara

Přívarová

2019

Sustainability

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The character, the motion and the proportion of environment-induced migration have radically changed in recent years. Environment-induced migration is an increasingly recognized fact and has become one of the main challenges of the 21st century, and needs to be focused on to ensure sustainable growth. This new stance is due to the changing character of environmental degradation. Global environmental issues, including climate change, loss of biodiversity, river and oceanic contamination, land degradation, drought, and the destruction of rainforests, are progressively stressing the earth’s ecosystems. Among these issues, climate change is one of the most severe threats. Climate change alone does not directly induce people to move but it generates harmful environmental effects and worsens present vulnerabilities. The current study aims to provide cornerstone links between the effects of climate change, migration decisions, displacement risk and conflicts in the example of Afghanistan, as a country that is extremely affected by both climate change and conflicts, and outline priority policy focuses to mitigate the current situation in the country.

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Section: Sudden-and Slow-onset Events: Contribution To Displacement Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nexus between Climate Change, Displacement and Conflict: Afghanistan Case

Přívara

Přívarová

2019

Sustainability

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“…Eighteen percent of studies portrayed a sense of inevitability and permanent loss through, for example, migration and relocation of communities (Eckersley, ; Mayer, ; McNamara, Bronen, Fernando, & Klepp, ), the cultural loss of receding glaciers (Jurt, Brugger, Dunbar, Milch, & Orlove, ), and the harmful psychological effects of potential L&D which impacts well‐being even if it does not actually eventuate (Herington, ). In some cases, the term “existential” was explicitly stated with Thomas and Benjamin (, p. 95), for example, stating that “climate change was identified as an existential threat.” More commonly, however, the identification of “existential” publications was based on the presence of suggestions that L&D is occurring now and is inevitable, the highlighting of noneconomic and permanent L&D, calls for urgent mitigation, and support for having a compensation mechanism.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Loss and damage: A review of the literature and directions for future research

McNamara

Jackson

2018

WIREs Climate Change

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Climate change researchers argue that a residual domain exists beyond the limits of adaptation to prevent deleterious climate change impacts: this has been labeled as "loss and damage." Over the last 8 years, there has been significant growth in loss and damage scholarship thus making it imperative to take stock of what we know already and directions for future research. We undertook a quantitative review of academic publications (n = 122) in the loss and damage field to date and documented study characteristics, thematic areas, trends, gaps, and opportunities. The first publication appeared in 2010 before a significant increase in published research after 2013. Although increasingly diverse over time, loss and damage studies have primarily focused on technical, political, and normative questions. Our analysis suggests the following: that researchers predominately conceptualize loss and damage as "limits to adaptation"; that the literature is more practical (i.e., descriptive, does not challenge underlying presuppositions) than critical (i.e., challenges underlying presuppositions) in orientation; that loss and damage is conceived as both an occurring and future condition; and that economic dimensions of loss and damage are prioritized in studies. Recommended future research directions include empirical and theoretical explorations of the potential for transformational change; understanding what people value and how they can engage with loss and grief; ensuring the perspectives of the most vulnerable groups are included in decision-making; and greater policy-relevant research and critical analyses of loss and damage conceptualizations and the Warsaw International Mechanism.

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“…As climate impacts increase, relocation is anticipated to be part of a comprehensive climate adaptation strategy for many small island developing states (SIDS) (Nansen Initiative, 2015;Mycoo, 2017). However, few nations have policy guidelines to govern the process, and most SIDS currently take an ad hoc approach to relocation without considering exposure of the new settlement locations (Mycoo, 2017;Thomas and Benjamin, 2018). Our analysis and approach can help to provide what is missing in many countries -local geospatial data mapping vulnerability for identifying high risk areas (Thomas and Benjamin, 2018) and for engaging communities in developing socially and biophysically feasible solutions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancing Coastal Risk Reduction Science and Implementation by Accounting for Climate, Ecosystems, and People

et al. 2019

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Climate change and population growth are degrading coastal ecosystems and increasing risks to communities and infrastructure. Reliance on seawalls and other types of hardened shorelines is unsustainable in an era of rising seas, given the costs to build and maintain these structures and their unintended consequences on ecosystems. This is especially true for communities that depend on coastal and marine ecosystems for livelihoods and sustenance. Protecting and restoring coral reefs and coastal forests can be lower cost, sustainable alternatives for shoreline protection. However, decision-makers often lack basic information about where and under what conditions ecosystems reduce risk to coastal hazards and who would benefit. To better understand where to prioritize ecosystems for coastal protection, we assessed risk reduction provided by coral reefs, mangroves, and seagrass along the entire coast of The Bahamas, under current and future climate scenarios. Modeled results show that the population most exposed to coastal hazards would more than double with future sea-level rise and more than triple if ecosystems were lost or degraded. We also found that ecosystem-based risk reduction differs across islands due to variation in a suite of ecological, physical, and social variables. On some populated islands, like Grand Bahama and Abaco, habitats provide protection to disproportionately large numbers of people compared to the rest of the country. Risk reduction provided by ecosystems is also evident for several sparsely populated, remote coastal communities, which in some cases, have large elderly populations. The results from our analyses were critical for engaging policy-makers in discussions about employing natural and nature-based features for coastal resilience. After hurricanes Joaquin and Matthew hit The Bahamas in 2016 and 2017, our assessment of coastal risk reduction and the multiple benefits provided by coastal ecosystems helped pave the way for an innovative loan from the Inter-American Development Bank to the Government of The Bahamas

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Policies and mechanisms to address climate-induced migration and displacement in Pacific and Caribbean small island developing states

Cited by 54 publications

References 26 publications

Nexus between Climate Change, Displacement and Conflict: Afghanistan Case

Nexus between Climate Change, Displacement and Conflict: Afghanistan Case

Loss and damage: A review of the literature and directions for future research

Advancing Coastal Risk Reduction Science and Implementation by Accounting for Climate, Ecosystems, and People

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